Prevalence and factors associated with depression in people living with HIV/AIDS in a Brazilian metropolitan region.

The frequent association between mental disorders and HIV infection may be related to several risk factors. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of depression and its associated factors in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who attended four outpatient clinics in Fortaleza, Brazil, between September 2014 and April 2015. In addition to the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview questionnaire, which was used to identify the prevalence of depressive disorder, the researchers applied a sociodemographic questionnaire, and the Hamilton Depression Scale to classify the severity of depression. In all, 257 participants were included in the analyses. The overall lifetime prevalence of depression was identified to be 29.2% (19.5% in men and 44.9% in women). The prevalence of a current depressive episode was 18.7%. Mild, moderate, and severe depression was identified in 2.1%, 12.5%, and 85.4%, respectively. The factors related to depression were: gender, marital status, income, educational level, current employment status, and family history of depression. This study highlights the importance of lifetime depression as a disorder of high prevalence in PLWHA, and associated with risk factors that are difficult or impossible to be modified. Early diagnosis and treatment of depression may improve quality of life in PLWHA.