School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China.
School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Hua An Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan, 528300, China.
Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 2):113904. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113904. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
The coupled process of thiosulfate-driven denitrification (NO→NO) and Anammox (TDDA) was a promising process for the treatment of wastewater containing NH-N and NO-N. However, the high concentration of SO production limited its application, which needs to be alleviated by an economical and effective way to promote the application of TDDA process. In this study, TDDA process was started in a relatively short time by stepwise replacing nitrite with nitrate and operated continuously for 146 days. Results presented that the average total nitrogen removal efficiency of 82.18% can be acquired at a high loading rate of 1.98 kg N/(m·d) with maximum nitrogen removal efficiency up to 87.04%. It was observed that the increase of S/N ratio improved the denitrification efficiency and slightly inhibit the Anammox process. Batch tests showed that Sulfammox process appeared in TDDA process under certain conditions, further contributing 2.59% nitrogen removal and 10.46% sulfur removal (14.42 mg/L NH-N and 37.68 mg/L SO-S were removed). This finding was mainly attributed to the reduction of sulfate in TDDA system to elemental S or HS, which subsequently was used as an electron donor to realize the recycling of sulfate (SO-S) pollutants and promote the sulfur-nitrogen (S-N) cycle. High-throughput analysis displayed that Anammox bacteria (Candidatus_Kuenenia), Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Thiobacillus) with relatively high abundance of 5.37%, 7.74%, respectively, guaranteeing the excellent nitrogen and sulfate removal performance in the reactor. The enrichment of phyla Chloroflexi (31.79%), Proteobacteria (31.82%), class Ignavibacteriales (10.55%), genus Planctomycetes (13.57%) further verified the exitence of Sulfammox process in the TDDA reactor. This study provides a new perspective for the practical application of TDDA in terms of reducing the production of high concentration SO and saving operational cost and strengthening deeply nitrogen removal.
硫代硫酸盐驱动反硝化（NO→NO）和厌氧氨氧化（TDDA）偶联过程是处理同时含有 NH-N 和 NO-N 的废水的一种很有前途的工艺。然而，SO 的高浓度产生限制了其应用，这需要通过经济有效的方法来缓解，以促进 TDDA 工艺的应用。在这项研究中，通过逐步用硝酸盐替代亚硝酸盐，在相对较短的时间内启动了 TDDA 工艺，连续运行了 146 天。结果表明，在高负荷率 1.98 kg N/（m·d）下，可获得平均总氮去除率为 82.18%，最大氮去除率高达 87.04%。结果表明，S/N 比的增加提高了反硝化效率，并对厌氧氨氧化过程略有抑制。批处理试验表明，在一定条件下，硫氨氧化过程出现在 TDDA 过程中，进一步贡献了 2.59%的氮去除率和 10.46%的硫去除率（去除 14.42mg/L 的 NH-N 和 37.68mg/L 的 SO-S）。这一发现主要归因于 TDDA 系统中硫酸盐还原为元素 S 或 HS，随后作为电子供体用于实现硫酸盐（SO-S）污染物的循环利用，并促进硫氮（S-N）循环。高通量分析显示，厌氧氨氧化菌（Candidatus_Kuenenia）、硫氧化菌（Thiobacillus）的相对丰度分别高达 5.37%、7.74%，保证了反应器中优异的氮和硫酸盐去除性能。优势菌门 Chloroflexi（31.79%）、Proteobacteria（31.82%）、Ignavibacteriales 纲（10.55%）、Planctomycetes 属（13.57%）的富集进一步证实了硫氨氧化过程在 TDDA 反应器中的存在。本研究为 TDDA 在降低高浓度 SO 产生、节约运行成本和加强深度脱氮方面的实际应用提供了新的视角。
