Laboratory of Bioeconomy, Food Safety and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of Abdelhamid Ibn Badis, 27000, Mostaganem, Algeria.
Laboratory of Agrosystec, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of Abou Bakr Belkaid, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria.
Chem Biodivers. 2022 Sep;19(9):e202200545. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202200545. Epub 2022 Aug 16.
Plants constitute a valuable source of natural antioxidants such as polyphenols and are responsible for exhibiting many biologically significant functions. Ruta species including Ruta chalepensis L. and Ruta graveolens L. are widespread species in Algeria and are used as medicinal plants to treat various diseases; however, so far, most of the conducted studies focused on analyzing alkaloids and essential oils mostly on R. chalepensis. The aim of the present research is to investigate the phenolic profile of the aerial parts of Ruta graveolens L. from Algeria and assess its in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. The total polyphenols and flavonoids were assessed using colorimetric methods, and the individual polyphenols were identified and quantified using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. The antioxidant activity was evaluated with DPPH and β-carotene tests, and the anti-inflammatory activity with inhibition of bovine serum albumin denaturation and HRBC membrane stabilization methods. The results showed that Ruta graveolens extract is rich in phenolic compounds with a total phenol and flavonoid contents of 41.63±0.394 mg GAE/gE and 13.97±0.33 mg EQ/gE, respectively. Nine phenolic compounds were determined, including three phenolic acids and six flavonoids. Rutin was the major phenolic compound in Ruta graveolens (464.95 μg/g), followed by syringic acid (179.74 μg/g), and naringenin (109.78 μg/g). R. graveolens phenolic extract also showed good antioxidant activity with values of 0.77 mM TE/g DW and 0.37 mM β-CE/g DW with DPPH and β-carotene tests, respectively. For the anti-inflammatory activity, the highest tested concentration (200 μg/mL) gave 50.61 % of inhibition of the denaturation of albumin and 44.12 % of membrane stabilization. With regards to antimicrobial results, Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive bacteria with an inhibition zone of 14.37 mm and MIC value of 0.625 mg/mL, followed by Listeria monocytogenes (11.75 mm and MIC=1.25 mg/mL), and Escherichia coli (10.25 mm and MIC=1.25 mg/mL).
植物是天然抗氧化剂的重要来源，如多酚，它们具有许多重要的生物学功能。芸香科植物包括山金车（Ruta chalepensis L.）和欧鼠尾草（Ruta graveolens L.）是阿尔及利亚广泛分布的物种，被用作药用植物来治疗各种疾病；然而，到目前为止，大多数进行的研究都集中在分析生物碱和精油上，主要是山金车上。本研究的目的是研究来自阿尔及利亚的欧鼠尾草地上部分的酚类物质，并评估其体外抗氧化、抗炎和抗菌特性。采用比色法测定总多酚和类黄酮的含量，采用 HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS 法鉴定和定量分析单体多酚。采用 DPPH 和 β-胡萝卜素试验评价抗氧化活性，采用牛血清白蛋白变性抑制和 HRBC 膜稳定方法评价抗炎活性。结果表明，山金车提取物富含酚类化合物，总酚和总黄酮含量分别为 41.63±0.394mg GAE/gE 和 13.97±0.33mg EQ/gE。共鉴定出 9 种酚类化合物，包括 3 种酚酸和 6 种类黄酮。芦丁是山金车中主要的酚类化合物（464.95μg/g），其次是丁香酸（179.74μg/g）和柚皮素（109.78μg/g）。山金车酚提取物在 DPPH 和 β-胡萝卜素试验中也表现出良好的抗氧化活性，其值分别为 0.77mM TE/g DW 和 0.37mM β-CE/g DW。抗炎活性方面，最高测试浓度（200μg/mL）对白蛋白变性的抑制率为 50.61%，对膜稳定性的抑制率为 44.12%。在抗菌结果方面，金黄色葡萄球菌是最敏感的细菌，其抑菌圈为 14.37mm，MIC 值为 0.625mg/mL，其次是单核细胞增生李斯特菌（11.75mm，MIC=1.25mg/mL）和大肠杆菌（10.25mm，MIC=1.25mg/mL）。
