Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
Biomedica. 2022 May 1;42(Sp. 1):144-153. doi: 10.7705/biomedica.6334.
Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism is the leading cause of preventable cognitive disability in the world. Therefore, screening programs have been developed in order to reduce the neurological sequelae associated with this pathology. Objective: To describe the demographic characteristics, the treatment, and the follow-up of patients diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism in the screening program at the San Ignacio University Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. Materials and methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study. The study population was patients diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism at the Hospital between 2001 and 2017. Results: Fourteen of the 19 patients diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism in the hospital screening program were contacted. All of the patients had schooling, most of them had adequate weight and height, and two had short stature. In most of them, the etiological diagnosis was thyroid hypoplasia, and all began the treatment and follow-up in an adequate way. The most frequent alteration in the neuropsychological tests was in the memory domain and the level of maternal education could be related to an abnormal result in the domain of language. Conclusion: In our study, alterations in the memory tests were the most prevalent; however, due to the design and type of study, more research is required to establish associations. A low frequency of abnormal growth and puberty was found.
先天性甲状腺功能减退症是全球可预防的认知障碍的主要原因。因此，已经开发了筛查项目以减少与该病理相关的神经后遗症。目的：描述在哥伦比亚波哥大圣伊西德罗大学医院的筛查计划中诊断出患有先天性甲状腺功能减退症的患者的人口统计学特征、治疗和随访情况。材料和方法：我们进行了一项观察性的横断面研究。研究人群为 2001 年至 2017 年期间在医院诊断出患有先天性甲状腺功能减退症的患者。结果：在医院筛查计划中诊断出的 19 例先天性甲状腺功能减退症患者中，有 14 例患者取得了联系。所有患者都接受了教育，他们中的大多数体重和身高正常，有两名患者身材矮小。在大多数患者中，病因诊断为甲状腺发育不全，所有患者均以适当的方式开始治疗和随访。神经心理测试中最常见的改变是在记忆领域，而母亲的教育水平可能与语言领域的异常结果有关。结论：在我们的研究中，记忆测试的改变最为常见；但是，由于研究的设计和类型，需要进行更多的研究以建立关联。生长和青春期异常的发生率较低。
