Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2024;54(4):818-839. doi: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2098671. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
Thrombin (TB) is classified among human blood coagulation proteins with key functions in hemostasis of blood vessels, wound healing, atherosclerosis, tissue adhesion, etc. Moreover, TB is involved as the main enzyme in the conversion of the fibrinogen to fibrin. Given the importance of TB detection in the clinical area, the development of innovative methods can considerably improve TB detection. Newly, aptasensors or aptamer-based biosensors have received special attention for sensitive and facile TB detection. In addition, the aptamer/nanomaterial conjugates have presented new prospects in accurate TB detection as nanoaptasensors. DNA-based enzymes or DNAzymes, as new biocatalysts, have many advantages over protein enzymes and can be used in analytical tools. This article reviews a brief overview of significant progresses regarding the various types of DNAzymes-based aptasensors and nano aptasensors developed for thrombin detection. In the following, challenges and prospects of TB detection by DNAzymes-based aptasensors are discussed.
凝血酶 (TB) 是人类血液凝血蛋白中的一种，在血管止血、伤口愈合、动脉粥样硬化、组织黏附等方面具有关键作用。此外，TB 作为主要酶参与纤维蛋白原向纤维蛋白的转化。鉴于 TB 在临床领域检测的重要性，开发创新方法可以极大地提高 TB 的检测水平。最近，适体传感器或基于适体的生物传感器因其对 TB 的灵敏和简便检测而受到特别关注。此外，适体/纳米材料缀合物作为纳米适体传感器在 TB 的准确检测方面呈现了新的前景。作为新型生物催化剂的基于 DNA 的酶或 DNA 酶相对于蛋白质酶具有许多优势，并可用于分析工具。本文综述了用于凝血酶检测的各种类型的基于 DNA 酶的适体传感器和纳米适体传感器的重要进展的简要概述。接下来，讨论了基于 DNA 酶的适体传感器检测 TB 的挑战和前景。
