Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates.
College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Apr 16;12(4):253. doi: 10.3390/bios12040253.
Thrombin plays a central role in hemostasis and its imbalances in coagulation can lead to various pathologies. It is of clinical significance to develop a fast and accurate method for the quantitative detection of thrombin. Electrochemical aptasensors have the capability of combining the specific selectivity from aptamers with the extraordinary sensitivity from electrochemical techniques and thus have attracted considerable attention for the trace-level detection of thrombin. Nanomaterials and nanostructures can further enhance the performance of thrombin aptasensors to achieve high sensitivity, selectivity, and antifouling functions. In highlighting these material merits and their impacts on sensor performance, this paper reviews the most recent advances in label-free electrochemical aptasensors for thrombin detection, with an emphasis on nanomaterials and nanostructures utilized in sensor design and fabrication. The performance, advantages, and limitations of those aptasensors are summarized and compared according to their material structures and compositions.
凝血酶在止血中起着核心作用，其凝血平衡失调可导致各种病理。因此，开发一种快速、准确的凝血酶定量检测方法具有重要的临床意义。电化学适体传感器具有将适体的特异性与电化学技术的非凡灵敏度相结合的能力，因此，它们在痕量凝血酶检测方面引起了广泛关注。纳米材料和纳米结构可以进一步提高凝血酶适体传感器的性能，实现高灵敏度、选择性和抗污染功能。本文重点介绍了用于凝血酶检测的无标记电化学适体传感器的最新进展，强调了在传感器设计和制造中使用的纳米材料和纳米结构，突出了这些材料的优点及其对传感器性能的影响。根据其材料结构和组成，对这些适体传感器的性能、优点和局限性进行了总结和比较。
