Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan.
Tominaga Dental Office, Shimane, Japan.
Hypertens Res. 2022 Oct;45(10):1553-1562. doi: 10.1038/s41440-022-00976-3. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
The relationship between masticatory performance and hypertension has seldom been studied. The association between hypertension and tooth loss with/without denture use is unclear. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between hypertension and masticatory performance and whether the relationship between hypertension and the number of teeth varied with denture use among older Japanese adults. Hypertension was defined as a systolic or diastolic blood pressure ≥140 or ≥90 mm Hg, respectively, or the use of antihypertensive medications. Masticatory performance was assessed using a chewable gummy jelly. The number of teeth and denture use were visually assessed by a trained dental hygienist. Poisson regression analyses were carried out to estimate the prevalence ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) of hypertension with the number of teeth (≥28, 20-27, or 0-19 teeth), quartiles of masticatory performance (Q1: highest [reference] to Q4: lowest), and tooth loss with/without denture use. Hypertension was significantly associated with masticatory performance in participants in Q3 (prevalence ratio = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.07, 1.72) and Q4 (prevalence ratio = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.69). There was no association between tooth loss and hypertension. Compared to participants with >28 teeth, the prevalence ratios and 95% CIs of those without dentures and those with 20-27 teeth were 1.33 (95% CI = 1.06, 1.68) and 1.69 (95% CI = 1.21, 2.37), respectively, in those with 0-19 teeth. Masticatory performance was inversely associated with hypertension, and tooth loss without the use of dentures was related to hypertension. Therefore, masticatory function may be important for preventing hypertension among older adults.
咀嚼性能与高血压之间的关系很少被研究。高血压与牙齿缺失（有无义齿）之间的关系尚不清楚。本横断面研究调查了日本老年成年人中高血压与咀嚼性能之间的关系，以及高血压与牙齿数量之间的关系是否因义齿使用而不同。高血压定义为收缩压或舒张压分别≥140 或≥90mmHg，或使用降压药物。咀嚼性能使用可咀嚼的软糖进行评估。牙齿数量和义齿使用情况由经过培训的牙科保健员进行目视评估。使用泊松回归分析来估计高血压与牙齿数量（≥28、20-27 或 0-19 颗）、咀嚼性能四分位数（Q1：最高[参考]至 Q4：最低）以及有/无义齿的牙齿缺失的高血压患病率比及其 95%置信区间（CI）。在 Q3（患病率比=1.35；95%CI=1.07，1.72）和 Q4（患病率比=1.31；95%CI=1.01，1.69）参与者中，高血压与咀嚼性能显著相关。牙齿缺失与高血压之间没有关联。与拥有>28 颗牙齿的参与者相比，无义齿和拥有 20-27 颗牙齿的参与者的高血压患病率比及其 95%CI 分别为 1.33（95%CI=1.06，1.68）和 1.69（95%CI=1.21，2.37）。咀嚼性能与高血压呈负相关，无义齿的牙齿缺失与高血压有关。因此，咀嚼功能可能对预防老年人高血压很重要。
