College of Biology and the Environment, Joint Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China.
Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Sep 15;309:119767. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119767. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
China is the largest CO emitting country on Earth. During the COVID-19 pandemic, China implemented strict government control measures on both outdoor activity and industrial production. These control measures, therefore, were expected to significantly reduce anthropogenic CO emissions. However, large discrepancies still exist in the estimated anthropogenic CO emission reduction rate caused by COVID-19 restrictions, with values ranging from 10% to 40% among different approaches. Here, we selected Nanchang city, located in eastern China, to examine the impact of COVID-19 on CO emissions. Continuous atmospheric CO and ground-level CO observations from January 1st to April 30th, 2019 to 2021 were used with the WRF-STILT atmospheric transport model and a priori emissions. And a multiplicative scaling factor and Bayesian inversion method were applied to constrain anthropogenic CO emissions before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. We found a 37.1-40.2% emission reduction when compared to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 with the same period in 2019. Carbon dioxide emissions from the power industry and manufacturing industry decreased by 54.5% and 18.9% during the pandemic period. The power industry accounted for 73.9% of total CO reductions during COVID-19. Further, emissions in 2021 were 14.3-14.9% larger than in 2019, indicating that economic activity quickly recovered to pre-pandemic conditions.
中国是全球最大的二氧化碳排放国。在新冠疫情期间，中国对户外活动和工业生产实施了严格的政府管控措施。因此，这些管控措施有望显著减少人为二氧化碳排放。然而，由于新冠疫情限制导致的人为二氧化碳减排率的估算存在较大差异，不同方法估算的结果范围在 10%到 40%之间。在这里，我们选择了位于中国东部的南昌市，以考察新冠疫情对 CO 排放的影响。我们利用 WRF-STILT 大气传输模型和先验排放，对 2019 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 4 月 30 日的连续大气 CO 和地面 CO 观测数据进行了分析。并应用乘法缩放因子和贝叶斯反演方法，对新冠疫情前、中和后人为 CO 排放进行了约束。结果表明，与 2019 年同期相比，2020 年新冠疫情期间的排放量减少了 37.1-40.2%。疫情期间，电力和制造业的二氧化碳排放量分别减少了 54.5%和 18.9%。电力行业在新冠疫情期间的 CO 减排总量中占比达 73.9%。此外，2021 年的排放量比 2019 年增加了 14.3-14.9%，表明经济活动已迅速恢复到疫情前的水平。
