Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Division of Psychiatry, 6th Floor, Wing B, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK.
Division of Psychiatry, UCL, London, UK.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Jul 23;22(1):1407. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13775-9.
Numerous determinants have been linked to public mental health; however, they have not been brought together in a comprehensive conceptual framework. The goal of this work was to bring together academic research, practitioner expertise, and public perspectives to create a public mental health conceptual framework.
The development process proceeded in four stages. First, we identified a comprehensive list of potential determinants through a state-of-the-art academic literature review, grey literature review, and created mind maps created by peer researchers. Next, we conducted in-person workshops, consultations, and an online survey with academics, practitioners, policy makers, and members of the public to review the potential determinants, nominate additional determinants, and prioritise determinants by importance for understanding public mental health. This iterative process resulted in the final list of determinants contained in the framework. We then conducted rapid reviews to define each determinant and to identify key research, interventions, and resources. Finally, we worked with a design team to visualise the conceptual framework as an online tool and printable infographic.
We found substantial overlap between sources reflecting a shared understanding of the key drivers of public mental health. The unique determinants that emerged from each data source highlighted the importance of using multiple sources to create a comprehensive model. 72 potential determinants were prioritised through stakeholder consultations, resulting in a final list of 55 determinants and organised into four levels: individual, family, community, and structural.
This is the most complete conceptual framework for public mental health to date, bringing together academic research, policy and practitioner views, and lived experience perspectives. The co-production processes and tools we used provides a template for researchers looking to include multiple perspectives in their research. The conceptual framework draws together current knowledge on each determinant, but also highlights areas where further research is needed to better understand the relationship between each factor and mental health, which can inform the research agenda. This online tool and infographic can be used by practitioners to identify interventions for promoting mental health, and by the general public as a resource to increase awareness of the broad factors which shape public mental health.
许多决定因素与公众心理健康有关，但尚未在一个综合概念框架中结合在一起。这项工作的目的是汇集学术研究、专业知识和公众观点，以创建一个公众心理健康概念框架。
开发过程分为四个阶段。首先，我们通过对最新学术文献的综述、灰色文献综述和同行研究人员制作的思维导图，确定了一个全面的潜在决定因素清单。接下来，我们与学者、从业者、政策制定者和公众进行了实地研讨会、咨询和在线调查，以审查潜在的决定因素，提名其他决定因素，并根据对理解公众心理健康的重要性对决定因素进行优先级排序。这个迭代过程产生了框架中包含的最终决定因素清单。然后，我们进行了快速审查，以定义每个决定因素，并确定关键的研究、干预措施和资源。最后，我们与设计团队合作，将概念框架设计为在线工具和可打印的信息图。
我们发现，反映公众心理健康主要驱动因素的共识的来源之间存在很大的重叠。从每个数据源中出现的独特决定因素突出了使用多种来源创建全面模型的重要性。通过利益相关者的协商，对 72 个潜在决定因素进行了优先级排序，最终确定了 55 个决定因素，并将其分为四个层次：个人、家庭、社区和结构。
这是迄今为止最完整的公众心理健康概念框架，汇集了学术研究、政策和实践观点以及生活经验视角。我们使用的共同制定过程和工具为希望在其研究中纳入多种观点的研究人员提供了模板。概念框架汇集了关于每个决定因素的现有知识，但也突出了需要进一步研究以更好地理解每个因素与心理健康之间关系的领域，这可以为研究议程提供信息。这个在线工具和信息图可以供从业者用于确定促进心理健康的干预措施，也可以供公众作为资源，以提高对影响公众心理健康的广泛因素的认识。
