Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
Department of Nursing in Public Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Age Ageing. 2022 Jul 1;51(7). doi: 10.1093/ageing/afac155.
Multimorbidity is defined as the presence of multiple chronic conditions in the same individual. Multimorbidity is more prevalent in older adults and can lead to several adverse health outcomes.
We systematically reviewed evidence from observational studies to verify the association between multimorbidity and hospitalization in older adults. Furthermore, we also aimed to identify whether it changes according to gender, advanced age, institutionalization, and wealth of the country of residence. We searched the PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases from December 2020 to April 2021. The analysed outcomes were as follows: hospitalization, length of stay and hospital readmission.
Of the 6,948 studies identified in the databases, 33 were included in this review. From the meta-analysis results, it was found that multimorbidity, regardless of the country's wealth, was linked to hospitalization in older adults (OR = 2.52, CI 95% = 1.87-3.38). Both definitions of multimorbidity, ≥2 (OR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.34-4.12) and ≥3 morbidities (OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.87-3.38), were associated with hospitalization. Regardless of gender, multimorbidity was associated with hospitalization (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.67-2.34) and with readmission (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.04-1.09). However, it was not possible to verify the association between multimorbidity and length of stay.
Multimorbidity was linked to a higher hospitalization risk, and this risk was not affected by the country's wealth and patient's gender. Multimorbidity was also linked to a higher hospital readmission rate in older adults. PROSPERO Registration (Registration number: CRD42021229328).
多种疾病是指同一患者同时存在多种慢性疾病。多种疾病在老年人中更为普遍，并可能导致多种不良健康后果。
我们系统地综述了观察性研究的证据，以验证老年人多种疾病与住院之间的关联。此外，我们还旨在确定这种关联是否因性别、高龄、机构化和居住国的财富而改变。我们从 2020 年 12 月至 2021 年 4 月在 PubMed、Embase 和 Scopus 数据库中进行了搜索。分析的结果如下：住院、住院时间和医院再入院。
在数据库中确定的 6948 项研究中，有 33 项被纳入本综述。荟萃分析结果表明，无论国家的财富如何，多种疾病都与老年人住院有关（OR=2.52，95%CI=1.87-3.38）。两种多种疾病的定义，≥2 种疾病（OR=2.35，95%CI=1.34-4.12）和≥3 种疾病（OR=2.52，95%CI=1.87-3.38）与住院有关。无论性别如何，多种疾病与住院（OR=1.98，95%CI=1.67-2.34）和再入院（OR=1.07，95%CI=1.04-1.09）有关。然而，无法验证多种疾病与住院时间之间的关系。
多种疾病与更高的住院风险相关，而这种风险不受国家财富和患者性别影响。多种疾病也与老年人更高的医院再入院率有关。PROSPERO 注册（注册号：CRD42021229328）。
