Meyers Primary Care Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2022 Apr 1;77(4):872-878. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glaa320.
Various patient demographic and clinical characteristics have been associated with poor outcomes for individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To describe the importance of age and chronic conditions in predicting COVID-19-related outcomes.
Search strategies were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE. Daily alerts were created.
A total of 28 studies met our inclusion criteria. Studies varied broadly in sample size (n = 21 to more than 17,000,000). Participants' mean age ranged from 48 years to 80 years, and the proportion of male participants ranged from 44% to 82%. The most prevalent underlying conditions in patients with COVID-19 were hypertension (range: 15%-69%), diabetes (8%-40%), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (4%-61%), chronic pulmonary disease (1%-33%), and chronic kidney disease (range 1%-48%). These conditions were each associated with an increased in-hospital case fatality rate (CFR) ranging from 1% to 56%. Overall, older adults have a substantially higher case fatality rate (CFR) as compared to younger individuals affected by COVID-19 (42% for those <65 vs 65% > 65 years). Only one study examined the association of chronic conditions and the risk of dying across different age groups; their findings suggested similar trends of increased risk in those < 65 years and those > 65 years as compared to those without these conditions.
There has been a traditional, single-condition approach to consideration of how chronic conditions and advancing age relate to COVID-19 outcomes. A more complete picture of the impact of burden of multimorbidity and advancing patient age is needed.
各种患者人口统计学和临床特征与患有 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的个体的不良结局相关。描述年龄和慢性疾病在预测 COVID-19 相关结局中的重要性。
在 PubMed/MEDLINE 中进行了检索策略。创建了每日警报。
共有 28 项研究符合我们的纳入标准。研究在样本量上差异很大（n = 21 至超过 1700 万）。参与者的平均年龄从 48 岁到 80 岁不等，男性参与者的比例从 44%到 82%不等。COVID-19 患者中最常见的基础疾病是高血压（范围：15%-69%）、糖尿病（8%-40%）、心血管疾病（CVD）（4%-61%）、慢性肺病（1%-33%）和慢性肾脏病（范围 1%-48%）。这些疾病与住院病死率（CFR）的增加相关，范围从 1%到 56%不等。总体而言，与 COVID-19 相关的较年轻患者相比，老年患者的病死率（CFR）明显更高（<65 岁的患者为 42%，>65 岁的患者为 65%）。只有一项研究检查了慢性疾病与不同年龄组死亡风险之间的关联；他们的研究结果表明，与没有这些疾病的患者相比，<65 岁和>65 岁的患者的风险增加趋势相似。
传统上，对于慢性疾病和年龄增长如何与 COVID-19 结局相关，采用了单一疾病的方法进行考虑。需要更全面地了解多种合并症的负担和患者年龄增长对 COVID-19 结局的影响。
