Sato Hikaru, Köhler Claudia
Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Plant Reproductive Biology and Epigenetics, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2022 Oct;69:102264. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102264. Epub 2022 Jul 21.
Seed dormancy enables plant seeds to time germination until environmental conditions become favorable for seedling survival. This trait has high adaptive value and is of great agricultural relevance. The endosperm is a reproductive tissue formed after fertilization that in addition to support embryo growth has major roles in establishing seed dormancy. Many genes adopt parent-of-origin specific expression patterns in the endosperm, a phenomenon that has been termed genomic imprinting. Imprinted genes are targeted by epigenetic mechanisms acting before and after fertilization. Recent studies revealed that imprinted genes are involved in establishing seed dormancy, highlighting a new mechanism of parental control over this adaptive trait. Here, we review the regulatory mechanisms establishing genomic imprinting and their effect on seed dormancy.
种子休眠使植物种子能够选择合适的时机发芽，直到环境条件有利于幼苗存活。这一特性具有很高的适应性价值，并且与农业密切相关。胚乳是受精后形成的生殖组织，除了支持胚胎生长外，在建立种子休眠方面也起着重要作用。许多基因在胚乳中呈现亲本特异性表达模式，这一现象被称为基因组印记。印记基因受到受精前后作用的表观遗传机制的调控。最近的研究表明，印记基因参与了种子休眠的建立，突出了亲本对这一适应性性状控制的新机制。在这里，我们综述了建立基因组印记的调控机制及其对种子休眠的影响。
