Szabó Imre G, Golden Darragh, Erne Roland
University College Dublin Dublin.
J Common Mark Stud. 2022 May;60(3):634-652. doi: 10.1111/jcms.13279. Epub 2021 Dec 8.
Under what conditions can organized labour successfully politicize the European integration process across borders? To answer this question, we compare the European Citizens' Initiatives (ECIs) of two European trade union federations: EPSU's successful Right2Water ECI and ETF's unsuccessful Fair Transport ECI. Our comparison reveals that actor-centred factors matter - namely, unions' ability to create broad coalitions. Successful transnational labour campaigns, however, also depend on structural conditions, namely, the prevailing mode of EU integration pressures faced by unions at a given time. Whereas the Right2Water ECI pre-emptively countered commodification attempts by the European Commission in water services, the Fair Transport ECI attempted to ensure fair working conditions most of the transport sector had been liberalized. EU integration attempts that commodify public services are thus more likely to generate successful counter-movements than the integration pressures on wages and working conditions that followed earlier successful EU liberalization drives.
在哪些条件下，有组织的劳工能够成功地使欧洲一体化进程跨国政治化？为了回答这个问题，我们比较了两个欧洲工会联合会发起的欧洲公民倡议（ECI）：欧洲公共服务工会（EPSU）成功发起的“水权”欧洲公民倡议和欧洲交通联合会（ETF）未成功的“公平运输”欧洲公民倡议。我们的比较表明，以行为体为中心的因素很重要——即工会建立广泛联盟的能力。然而，成功的跨国劳工运动也取决于结构性条件，即在特定时间工会面临的欧盟一体化压力的普遍模式。“水权”欧洲公民倡议先发制人地反击了欧盟委员会在水务服务方面的商品化企图，而“公平运输”欧洲公民倡议则试图在大多数运输部门已经自由化的情况下确保公平的工作条件。因此，使公共服务商品化的欧盟一体化尝试比早期欧盟成功自由化推动后出现的对工资和工作条件的一体化压力更有可能引发成功的反制行动。
