关于法律真相的科学思考。
Scientific Thinking About Legal Truth.
作者信息
Rosenzweig Gal
机构信息
Faculty of Law, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2022 Jul 6;13:918282. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.918282. eCollection 2022.
Abstract
In the criminal process, the fact finders assess the validity of impressions reported by witnesses based on their perceptions and determine what has happened in reality. However, these impressions are not subject to any external validity check. The Innocence Project revealed the failure of this subjective method and showed how it can lead to innocent convictions. The legal literature has examined ways to manage the risk of mistakes, but these ways are inconsistent with the scientific understanding of the need for external validity measurements, suggesting the need for new ways of thinking about the legal search for truth and justice.
摘要
在刑事诉讼过程中，事实认定者根据证人的感知来评估他们所报告印象的有效性，并确定实际发生了什么。然而，这些印象并未经过任何外部有效性检验。“清白计划”揭示了这种主观方法的缺陷，并展示了它如何导致无辜者被定罪。法律文献探讨了管理错误风险的方法，但这些方法与对外部有效性测量必要性的科学理解不一致，这表明需要以新的方式来思考法律对真相与正义的探寻。
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