Wu Congyu, McMahon Megan, Fritz Hagen, Schnyer David M
Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Digit Health. 2022 Jul 18;8:20552076221114201. doi: 10.1177/20552076221114201. eCollection 2022 Jan-Dec.
To identify the differences between circadian rhythm (CR) metrics characterized by different mobile sensors and computational methods.
We used smartphone tracking and daily survey data from 225 college student participants, applied four methods (survey construct automation, cosinor regression, non-parametric method, Fourier analysis) on two types of smartphone sensor data (GPS, accelerometer) to characterize CR. We explored the inter-relations among the extracted circadian metrics as well as between the circadian metrics and participants' self-reported mood and sleep outcomes.
Compared to GPS signals, smartphone accelerometer activity follows an intradaily distribution that starts earlier in the day, winds down later, reaches half cumulative activity about the same time, conforms less to a sinusoidal wave, and exhibits more intradaily fragmentation but higher CR strength and lower interdaily disruption. We found a notable negative correlation between intradaily variability and CR strength especially pronounced in GPS activity. Self-reported sleep and mood outcomes showed significant correlations with particular CR metrics.
We revealed significant inter-relations and discrepancies in the circadian metrics discovered from two smartphone sensors and four CR algorithms and their bearings on wellbeing indicators such as sleep quality and loneliness.
识别以不同移动传感器和计算方法为特征的昼夜节律（CR）指标之间的差异。
我们使用了来自225名大学生参与者的智能手机跟踪和每日调查数据，对两种类型的智能手机传感器数据（GPS、加速度计）应用了四种方法（调查构建自动化、余弦回归、非参数方法、傅里叶分析）来表征CR。我们探讨了提取的昼夜节律指标之间以及昼夜节律指标与参与者自我报告的情绪和睡眠结果之间的相互关系。
与GPS信号相比，智能手机加速度计活动的日内分布开始时间更早，结束时间更晚，在大致相同的时间达到累积活动的一半，不太符合正弦波，并且表现出更多的日内碎片化，但昼夜节律强度更高，日间干扰更低。我们发现日内变异性与昼夜节律强度之间存在显著的负相关，在GPS活动中尤为明显。自我报告的睡眠和情绪结果与特定的昼夜节律指标显示出显著相关性。
我们揭示了从两个智能手机传感器和四种昼夜节律算法发现的昼夜节律指标之间存在显著的相互关系和差异，以及它们与睡眠质量和孤独感等幸福指标的关联。
