Barillas Saldiam R, Oliver Jon L, Lloyd Rhodri S, Pedley Jason S
Sport, Exercise and Physical Activity Research Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Youth Physical Development Centre, Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
J Strength Cond Res. 2023 Mar 1;37(3):597-605. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000004307. Epub 2022 Jul 21.
Barillas, SR, Oliver, JL, Lloyd, RS, and Pedley, J. Kinetic responses to external cues are specific to both the type of cue and type of exercise in adolescent athletes. J Strength Cond Res 37(3): 597-605, 2023-The purpose of this study was to examine how external cues influence kinetics during isometric and dynamic tasks in adolescent athletes. Fifteen adolescent male soccer players performed an isometric midthigh pull (IMTP), unloaded and loaded squat jumps (SJs) (15 and 30% of body mass), countermovement jump (CMJ), and drop jump (DJ) using a neutral or external force-specific or velocity-specific cues. Cue type had limited effects on outcomes in the IMTP or SJs, with mostly trivial ( g < 0.20), nonsignificant differences ( p > 0.05) across kinetic variables. In the CMJ and DJ, a force cue significantly ( p < 0.05) increased jump height ( g = 0.43 & 0.52) compared with a velocity cue, but in the DJ, a force cue significantly increased jump height ( g = 0.52) compared with both a neutral and velocity cue. However, a velocity cue significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced ground contact time ( g = 0.73-1.52) and time to peak force ( g = 0.50-1.29) in both the CMJ and DJ when compared with a force and neutral cue and increased force and power-related measures ( g = 0.33-1.12) in the CMJ and DJ when compared with a force cue. In adolescent athletes, the type of external cue had limited effects on kinetic measures in an IMTP and SJ but differential effects on both a CMJ and DJ, suggesting cues have more effect with increasing movement velocity. Consequently, practitioners working with adolescent athletes should consider both the type of exercise and the desired outcome when providing external cues.
巴里拉斯、SR、奥利弗、JL、劳埃德、RS和佩德利、J。青少年运动员对外部线索的动力学反应因线索类型和运动类型而异。《力量与体能研究杂志》37(3): 597 - 605, 2023年。本研究的目的是研究外部线索如何影响青少年运动员在等长和动态任务中的动力学。15名青少年男性足球运动员进行了等长大腿中部拉力（IMTP）、无负荷和有负荷深蹲跳（SJ）（体重的15%和30%）、反向运动跳（CMJ）和下落跳（DJ），使用中性或外力特定或速度特定线索。线索类型对IMTP或SJ的结果影响有限，动力学变量之间大多差异微小（g < 0.20）、无统计学意义（p > 0.05）。在CMJ和DJ中，与速度线索相比，力线索显著（p < 0.05）增加了跳跃高度（g = 0.43和0.52），但在DJ中，与中性和速度线索相比，力线索显著增加了跳跃高度（g = 0.52）。然而，与力线索和中性线索相比，速度线索在CMJ和DJ中均显著（p < 0.05）减少了地面接触时间（g = 0.73 - 1.52）和达到峰值力的时间（g = 0.50 - 1.29），并且与力线索相比，在CMJ和DJ中增加了与力和功率相关的指标（g = 0.33 - 1.12）。在青少年运动员中，外部线索类型对IMTP和SJ的动力学测量影响有限，但对CMJ和DJ有不同影响，表明线索对运动速度增加时影响更大。因此，与青少年运动员合作的从业者在提供外部线索时应考虑运动类型和期望结果。
