Adeniyi Amos, Gonzalez-Ortiz Danae, Pochat-Bohatier Céline, Mbakop Sandrine, Onyango Maurice Stephen
Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Water for Rural Communities (WARUC) NPC, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
Membranes (Basel). 2022 Jun 28;12(7):670. doi: 10.3390/membranes12070670.
In this work, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) derived from sawdust were successfully incorporated into a nanofiltration membrane produced by the interfacial polymerization of piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). The characteristics of unmodified and CNC-modified membranes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), zeta potential measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurement. The performance of the membranes in terms of nitrate removal and water flux was investigated using 60 mg/L of potassium nitrate solution in a dead-end test cell. The characteristics of the modified membrane revealed a more nodular structure, higher roughness, increased negative surface charge, and higher hydrophilicity than the pristine membrane, leading to nitrate rejection of 94%. In addition, the membrane gave an average water flux of 7.2 ± 1.8 L/m/h/bar. This work implies that nanofiltration, a relatively low-pressure process compared to reverse osmosis, can be used for improved nitrate removal from drinking water using an NF membrane modified with sawdust-derived cellulose nanocrystals.
在这项工作中，将源自锯末的纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）成功掺入由哌嗪（PIP）和均苯三甲酰氯（TMC）界面聚合制备的纳滤膜中。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、zeta电位测量、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和接触角测量对未改性和CNC改性膜的特性进行了研究。在死端测试池中使用60 mg/L的硝酸钾溶液研究了膜在硝酸盐去除和水通量方面的性能。改性膜的特性显示出比原始膜更呈结节状的结构、更高的粗糙度、增加的表面负电荷和更高的亲水性，导致硝酸盐截留率达到94%。此外，该膜的平均水通量为7.2±1.8 L/m/h/bar。这项工作表明，与反渗透相比，纳滤是一种相对低压的过程，可用于使用经锯末衍生纤维素纳米晶体改性的纳滤膜改进饮用水中硝酸盐的去除。
