Complex Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
High Enthalpy Flow Diagnostics Group, Institute of Space Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Aug 2;119(31):e2118868119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2118868119. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
Biological materials such as nacre have evolved microstructural design principles that result in outstanding mechanical properties. While nacre's design concepts have led to bio-inspired materials with enhanced fracture toughness, the microstructural features underlying the remarkable damping properties of this biological material have not yet been fully explored in synthetic composites. Here, we study the damping behavior of nacre-like composites containing mineral bridges and platelet asperities as nanoscale structural features within its brick-and-mortar architecture. Dynamic mechanical analysis was performed to experimentally elucidate the role of these features on the damping response of the nacre-like composites. By enhancing stress transfer between platelets and at the brick/mortar interface, mineral bridges and nano-asperities were found to improve the damping performance of the composite to levels that surpass many biological and man-made materials. Surprisingly, the improved properties are achieved without reaching the perfect organization of the biological counterparts. Our nacre-like composites display a loss modulus 2.4-fold higher than natural nacre and 1.4-fold more than highly dissipative natural fiber composites. These findings shed light on the role of nanoscale structural features on the dynamic mechanical properties of nacre and offer design concepts for the manufacturing of bio-inspired composites for high-performance damping applications.
生物材料如珍珠母具有进化而来的微观结构设计原则,从而产生了卓越的机械性能。虽然珍珠母的设计理念导致了具有增强断裂韧性的仿生材料,但这种生物材料显著阻尼性能的微观结构特征在合成复合材料中尚未得到充分探索。在这里,我们研究了含有矿物桥和板状突出物的珍珠母状复合材料的阻尼行为,这些特征作为其砖-泥结构中的纳米级结构特征。通过动态力学分析,实验阐明了这些特征对珍珠母状复合材料阻尼响应的作用。通过增强板之间和砖/泥界面的应力传递,发现矿物桥和纳米突出物提高了复合材料的阻尼性能,使其达到超过许多生物和人造材料的水平。令人惊讶的是,在不达到生物对应物的完美组织的情况下实现了改进的性能。我们的珍珠母状复合材料的损耗模量比天然珍珠母高 2.4 倍,比高耗散天然纤维复合材料高 1.4 倍。这些发现揭示了纳米级结构特征对珍珠母动态力学性能的作用,并为制造用于高性能阻尼应用的仿生复合材料提供了设计概念。