Department of Experimental Psychology and Mind.
School of Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Anim Learn Cogn. 2022 Jul;48(3):169-178. doi: 10.1037/xan0000333.
Exposure to two similar stimuli (AX and BX; e.g., two tastes) reduces the extent to which a conditioned response later established to BX generalizes to AX. This example of perceptual learning is more evident when AX and BX are exposed in an alternating manner (AX, BX, AX, BX,…) than when AX and BX occur in separate blocks (e.g., AX, AX,…BX, BX,…). We examined in male rats (N = 126) the impact of rapid alternation to AX and BX on generalization of a taste aversion from BX to AX. Experiment 1 showed that such alternating presentations (with 5-min intervals between AX and BX) reduced generalization relative to blocked exposure; but only as assessed by consumption levels and not by lick cluster size (an index of hedonic reactions). Experiment 1 also showed that the nature of exposure did not affect how A influenced performance to a novel conditioned taste, Y. Experiment 2 replicated the pattern of results involving the different influences of rapidly alternating and blocked exposure on generalization from BX to AX, and showed that this effect was only evident when rats received access to water during the 5-min intervals between AX and BX. These results reinforce parallels between perceptual learning effects in rats and humans, both at empirical and theoretical levels. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
暴露于两种相似的刺激（AX 和 BX；例如，两种味道）会降低后来对 BX 建立的条件反应对 AX 的泛化程度。当 AX 和 BX 以交替的方式暴露（AX、BX、AX、BX、…）时，这种感知学习的例子比当 AX 和 BX 出现在单独的块中（例如，AX、AX、…BX、BX、…）时更为明显。我们在雄性大鼠（N = 126）中检查了快速交替暴露于 AX 和 BX 对 BX 引起的味觉厌恶向 AX 泛化的影响。实验 1 表明，与阻塞暴露相比，这种交替呈现（AX 和 BX 之间有 5 分钟的间隔）减少了泛化；但仅通过消耗水平评估，而不是通过舔舐群集大小（快感反应的指标）评估。实验 1 还表明，暴露的性质不会影响 A 对新条件味觉 Y 的影响。实验 2 复制了涉及快速交替和阻塞暴露对 BX 向 AX 泛化的不同影响的结果模式，并表明当大鼠在 AX 和 BX 之间的 5 分钟间隔内获得水时，才会出现这种效应。这些结果强化了大鼠和人类在经验和理论层面上的感知学习效应之间的相似性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2022 APA，保留所有权利）。
