Goldstein Ellen, Topitzes James, Brown Roger L, Jussel Adam B
Department of Population Health Nursing Science.
Helen Bader School of Social Welfare.
Psychol Trauma. 2023 Mar;15(3):536-545. doi: 10.1037/tra0001332. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
Previous studies indicated that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has harmed the mental health of diverse samples. Adopting a trauma lens with a sample of university faculty and staff, this study examined risk conferred by previous exposure to traumatic life events (TLE) on pandemic-related mental health harm (MHH) and stress and the mediating influence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.
In Spring 2021, employees ( = 641) of a public university in the United States completed an online cross-sectional survey, including validated scales of TLE and PTSD and single-item measures of MHH and stress taken from published COVID-19 studies. A structural probit model was used to estimate: (a) direct effects of cumulative TLE on PTSD, MHH, and stress; and (b) indirect effects of cumulative TLE via PTSD adjusting for age. Gender was tested as a moderating influence.
Nearly 36% of the sample reported positive PTSD screens along with high levels of MHH (22.5%) and stress (42.3%). Cumulative TLE was significantly and positively associated with MHH and stress. Both genders experienced a negative impact on mental health and stress either fully or partially through PTSD symptoms; however, the gender by trauma interaction term was not significant. As age decreased, PTSD and MHH increased.
Results suggest that PTSD symptoms play a crucial role in the experience of MHH and stress during the pandemic for those who endured previous trauma. Implications for employer policies, public health messaging, and mental health services are explored. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
先前的研究表明，2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行对不同样本的心理健康造成了损害。本研究以大学教职员工为样本，采用创伤视角，考察既往暴露于创伤性生活事件（TLE）对大流行相关心理健康损害（MHH）和压力的影响，以及创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状的中介作用。
2021年春季，美国一所公立大学的员工（n = 641）完成了一项在线横断面调查，包括经过验证的TLE和PTSD量表，以及从已发表的COVID-19研究中选取的MHH和压力的单项测量指标。采用结构概率模型来估计：（a）累积TLE对PTSD、MHH和压力的直接影响；（b）累积TLE通过PTSD对年龄进行调整后的间接影响。检验性别作为调节因素的影响。
近36%的样本报告PTSD筛查呈阳性，同时MHH（22.5%）和压力（42.3%）水平较高。累积TLE与MHH和压力显著正相关。两性都通过PTSD症状对心理健康和压力产生了全部或部分负面影响；然而，性别与创伤的交互项不显著。随着年龄的降低，PTSD和MHH增加。
结果表明，PTSD症状在大流行期间对那些曾经历过创伤的人所体验到的MHH和压力中起着关键作用。探讨了对雇主政策、公共卫生信息和心理健康服务的启示。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
