Clérigo Fabiana, Ferreira Sandra, Ladeira Carina, Marques-Ramos Ana, Almeida-Silva Marina, Mendes Luís André
H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal.
Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal.
Toxics. 2022 Jul 20;10(7):402. doi: 10.3390/toxics10070402.
Emerging contaminants such as nanoplastics (NPs), as well as manufacturing by-products such as plasticizers, have gained global attention and concern due to their limited biodegradability and their potential impact on human health, in particular the effects on respiratory tissue. In parallel, cell culture techniques are key to the assessment and characterization of toxic effects and cellular mechanisms in different types of tissues and should provide relevant information to understand the hazardous potential of these emergent contaminants. This systematic review presents the main results on the current knowledge of the effects of NPs and plasticizers on lung cells, as assessed with the use of cell culture techniques. From the selected studies ( = 10), following the PRISMA approach, it was observed that cell viability was the most frequently assessed endpoint and that most studies focused on epithelial cells and exposures to polystyrene (PS). It was observed that exposure to NPs or plasticizers induces cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner, regardless of the size of the NPs. Furthermore, there is evidence that the characteristics of NPs can affect the toxic response by promoting the association with other organic compounds. As such, further studies focusing on the combination of NPs with plasticizers will be essential for the understanding of mechanisms of NPs toxicity.
纳米塑料（NPs）等新兴污染物以及增塑剂等制造副产品，因其有限的生物降解性及其对人类健康的潜在影响，特别是对呼吸组织的影响，已引起全球关注。与此同时，细胞培养技术是评估和表征不同类型组织中毒性作用和细胞机制的关键，应能提供相关信息以了解这些新兴污染物的潜在危害。本系统综述展示了使用细胞培养技术评估纳米塑料和增塑剂对肺细胞影响的现有知识的主要结果。从按照PRISMA方法选定的研究（n = 10）中观察到，细胞活力是最常评估的终点，且大多数研究集中在上皮细胞以及聚苯乙烯（PS）暴露方面。观察到纳米塑料或增塑剂的暴露会以剂量依赖方式诱导细胞毒性，无论纳米塑料的大小如何。此外，有证据表明纳米塑料的特性可通过促进与其他有机化合物的结合来影响毒性反应。因此，进一步关注纳米塑料与增塑剂组合的研究对于理解纳米塑料毒性机制至关重要。
