Department of Psychology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.
Department of Psychology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Vision Res. 2022 Nov;200:108104. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2022.108104. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
A vertical target is perceived as tilted against a slightly tilted inducer surrounding it. To identify the temporal resolution and temporal extent of this phenomenon of orientation repulsion in the same paradigm, we used an alternating pair of inducer stimuli having complementary orientation distributions and quantified repulsion at various alternation frequencies. The duration of each inducer stimulus was inversely proportional to the frequency. When an orthogonal pair of D2 patterns, a type of grating whose luminance modulation in a particular orientation was the second-order partial derivative of an isotropic 2D-Gaussian, was used as the inducer, repulsion occurred when the duration exceeded 20 ms and leveled off at 30 ms and beyond. When a custom-made texture with a narrowband orientation distribution and another texture with a complementary orientation distribution were alternated as the inducer, repulsion gradually increased until the inducer duration reached 200 ms. The gradual increase in repulsion was observed regardless of whether the orientation of the inducer that appeared simultaneously with the target was discernible. These findings reveal that contextual modulation in orientation occurs at a high temporal resolution and continues to a long temporal extent under optimal conditions.
当一个垂直的目标置于一个与其略有倾斜的周围诱导器之间时，它会被感知为倾斜的。为了在相同的实验范式中确定这种方向排斥现象的时间分辨率和时间范围，我们使用了一对交替的具有互补方向分布的诱导器刺激，并在各种交替频率下量化了排斥。每个诱导器刺激的持续时间与频率成反比。当使用 D2 模式（一种光栅，其在特定方向上的亮度调制是各向同性 2D-Gaussian 的二阶偏导数）作为诱导器时，当持续时间超过 20 毫秒时会发生排斥，并在 30 毫秒及以后趋于平稳。当一个具有窄带方向分布的定制纹理和另一个具有互补方向分布的纹理作为诱导器交替出现时，排斥逐渐增加，直到诱导器持续时间达到 200 毫秒。无论同时出现的诱导器的方向是否可辨别，排斥的逐渐增加都被观察到。这些发现表明，在最佳条件下，方向的上下文调制以高时间分辨率发生，并持续很长时间。
