Department of Biology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 25;12(1):12692. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16897-7.
Temperature is one of the most critical environmental factors that influence various biological processes. Species distributed in different temperature regions are considered to have different optimal temperatures for daily life activities. However, how organisms have acquired various features to cope with particular temperature environments remains to be elucidated. In this study, we have systematically analyzed the temperature preference behavior and effects of temperatures on daily locomotor activity and sleep using 11 Drosophila species. We also investigated the function of antennae in the temperature preference behavior of these species. We found that, (1) an optimal temperature for daily locomotor activity and sleep of each species approximately matches with temperatures it frequently encounters in its habitat, (2) effects of temperature on locomotor activity and sleep are diverse among species, but each species maintains its daily activity and sleep pattern even at different temperatures, and (3) each species has a unique temperature preference behavior, and the contribution of antennae to this behavior is diverse among species. These results suggest that Drosophila species inhabiting different climatic environments have acquired species-specific temperature response systems according to their life strategies. This study provides fundamental information for understanding the mechanisms underlying their temperature adaptation and lifestyle diversification.
温度是影响各种生物过程的最关键环境因素之一。分布在不同温度区域的物种被认为对于日常生活活动有不同的最适温度。然而，生物体如何获得各种特征以应对特定的温度环境仍有待阐明。在这项研究中，我们使用 11 种果蝇物种系统地分析了温度偏好行为以及温度对日常运动活动和睡眠的影响。我们还研究了触角在这些物种的温度偏好行为中的功能。我们发现：（1）每种物种的日常运动活动和睡眠的最适温度与它们在栖息地中经常遇到的温度大致匹配；（2）温度对运动活动和睡眠的影响在物种之间是多种多样的，但每种物种即使在不同的温度下也保持其日常活动和睡眠模式；（3）每种物种都有独特的温度偏好行为，触角对这种行为的贡献在物种之间是多种多样的。这些结果表明，栖息在不同气候环境中的果蝇物种根据其生活策略获得了特定于物种的温度反应系统。这项研究为理解它们的温度适应和生活方式多样化的机制提供了基础信息。
