College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Beijing, 100125, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Dec;29(60):90911-90922. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-21993-2. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
Decoupling livestock and cropland production at regional scale have poor resource-use efficiency and detrimental effects on environment in China. It is therefore necessary to identify the decoupled livestock and cropland production system and make recommendations to recouple livestock and cropland. This study used the indexes of land carrying capacity (LCC), animal manure absorption capacity (AMAC), and risk warning value (R) to evaluate the coupling between cropland and livestock at the local scale in the Huang-Huai-Hai region. The decoupling of cropland and livestock in the case of Beijing (SY_BJ) was found assessed with lower theoretical value of LCC and higher theoretical value of AMAC compared with local actual situation, categorized as grade IV with a high R value (above 1). Contrary results were found that the livestock and cropland production systems were coupled at the local scale in the cases located in Hebei and Shandong Provinces, categorized as grade I or II. Two measures were used to optimize the decoupled case by adjusting the ratio of manure to fertilization or reducing breeding quantity. The decoupled case of SY_BJ could be optimized by adjusting the ratio of manure to fertilization (95.34% based on nitrogen and 81.97% based on phosphorus, respectively). The breeding quantity in this case should be reduced by at least 46% to recouple the livestock and cropland at the local level to manage nutrient surpluses from livestock and poultry breeding.
在中国，区域尺度上的畜牧业与种植业脱钩会导致资源利用效率低下和环境恶化。因此，有必要识别脱钩的畜牧业和种植业系统，并提出重新耦合畜牧业和种植业的建议。本研究采用土地承载能力（LCC）、动物粪便吸收能力（AMAC）和风险预警值（R）指标，评估了黄淮海地区的耕地与畜牧业在局部尺度上的耦合关系。与当地实际情况相比，北京（SY_BJ）的耕地与畜牧业脱钩情况评估的 LCC 理论值较低，AMAC 理论值较高，风险预警值（R）较高（超过 1），被归类为四级。相反，在河北省和山东省的案例中，发现畜牧业和种植业系统在局部尺度上是耦合的，被归类为一级或二级。通过调整肥料中粪肥的比例或减少养殖数量两种措施对脱钩案例进行优化。通过调整肥料中粪肥的比例（氮分别为 95.34%和磷分别为 81.97%）可以优化 SY_BJ 的脱钩情况。在这种情况下，应该至少减少 46%的养殖数量，以便在地方层面重新耦合畜牧业和种植业，以管理来自禽畜养殖的养分盈余。
