McKelvie S J
Percept Mot Skills. 1987 Apr;64(2):431-45. doi: 10.2466/pms.1987.64.2.431.
In Study 1, 56 undergraduates judged whether each member of two sets of unseen photographs of faces was shown in the original or reversed orientation. Performance was at chance level, indicating that they could not perform this task. In Studies 2 and 3, the first of which involved unanalyzed data from previously-published work, an investigation was made of identification of orientation for faces which had been laterally reversed in the course of experiments on recognition memory. For a total of 406 subjects, over-all identification accuracy was about 60%, which was above chance. However, subjects were correct more often on normal (unchanged) than on reversed (changed) faces and were generally more likely to identify a face as normal when they were certain than when they were uncertain in their initial recognition judgement. It was concluded that identification performance could largely be accounted for by a response strategy model in which subjects judged orientation on the basis of their subjective familiarity with the face. Together, these studies demonstrate that subjects could not usually detect the lateral orientation of previously-seen or of unseen photographs of faces.
在研究1中，56名本科生判断两组未见过的面部照片中的每一张照片是原始方向还是反转方向展示的。表现处于随机水平，表明他们无法完成这项任务。在研究2和研究3中，其中第一个研究涉及来自先前发表作品的未经分析的数据，对在识别记忆实验过程中横向反转的面部的方向识别进行了调查。总共406名受试者，总体识别准确率约为60%，高于随机水平。然而，受试者对正常（未改变）面部的判断比对反转（改变）面部的判断更准确，并且当他们确定时，通常比在初始识别判断中不确定时更有可能将面部识别为正常。得出的结论是，识别表现很大程度上可以由一种反应策略模型来解释，在该模型中，受试者根据对面部的主观熟悉程度来判断方向。这些研究共同表明，受试者通常无法检测到先前见过或未见过的面部照片的横向方向。
