Serra Húnter Programme, Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
Immunity, Inflammation and Cancer Group, Oncobell Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
Cells. 2022 Jul 9;11(14):2157. doi: 10.3390/cells11142157.
Although DNA degradation might seem an unwanted event, it is essential in many cellular processes that are key to maintaining genomic stability and cell and organism homeostasis. The capacity to cut out nucleotides one at a time from the end of a DNA chain is present in enzymes called exonucleases. Exonuclease activity might come from enzymes with multiple other functions or specialized enzymes only dedicated to this function. Exonucleases are involved in central pathways of cell biology such as DNA replication, repair, and death, as well as tuning the immune response. Of note, malfunctioning of these enzymes is associated with immune disorders and cancer. In this review, we will dissect the impact of DNA degradation on the DNA damage response and its links with inflammation and cancer.
虽然 DNA 降解似乎是一个不受欢迎的事件，但它在许多细胞过程中是必不可少的，这些过程是维持基因组稳定性和细胞及生物体内环境平衡的关键。能够从 DNA 链的末端逐个切割核苷酸的能力存在于称为核酸外切酶的酶中。核酸外切酶活性可能来自具有多种其他功能的酶，或专门用于此功能的酶。核酸外切酶参与细胞生物学的中心途径，如 DNA 复制、修复和死亡，以及调节免疫反应。值得注意的是，这些酶的功能障碍与免疫紊乱和癌症有关。在这篇综述中，我们将剖析 DNA 降解对 DNA 损伤反应的影响及其与炎症和癌症的联系。
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