Independent Researcher, 33-100 Tarnów, Poland.
Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Cracow, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 11;19(14):8451. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19148451.
BACKGROUND: In combat sports, successful competition and training require comprehensive motor fitness. The aim of this study was to diagnose the level of physical fitness and to determine the level of differences between athletes of combat sports characterized by stand-up fighting, such as Muay Thai; and ground fighting, such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu. METHODS: The study examined and compared 30 participants divided into two equal groups: Muay Thai athletes ( = 15; age: 24.24 ± 3.24; body height: 174.91 ± 5.19; body weight: 77.56 ± 7.3), and Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) ( = 15; age: 22.82 ± 1.81; body height: 175.72 ± 7.03; body weight: 77.11 ± 8.12). Basic characteristics of the somatic build were measured. Selected manifestations of the motor potential of motor skills were also evaluated using selected tests from the EUROFIT test battery, the International Test of Physical Fitness, and computer tests of coordination skills. Relative strength and maximal anaerobic work (MAW) indices were calculated. The strength of the relationship between the effect of motor fitness and training experience was also assessed. RESULTS: The athletes of both groups (Muay Thai and BJJ) presented similar levels of basic characteristics of the somatic build. Motor fitness in the tested groups showed significant differences between the athletes of these sports in static strength ( = 0.010), relative strength ( = 0.006), arm muscle strength in pull-ups ( = 0.035), and functional strength in bent arm hanging ( = 0.023). Higher levels of these components of motor fitness were found for the athletes in the BJJ athletes. In the Muay Thai group, significant very high strength of association was found between training experience and five strength tests. Furthermore, a significantly high strength of association was found in two tests. In the BJJ group, significant relationships with very high correlation were found between the variables in five strength tests. CONCLUSIONS: Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes performed better in strength tests (static strength, relative strength, shoulder girdle strength, functional strength). High correlations between the training load and the level of physical fitness were found in flexibility and strength tests in BJJ athletes and most strength tests in Muay Thai athletes.
背景：在格斗运动中，成功的比赛和训练需要全面的运动能力。本研究旨在诊断运动员的体能水平，并确定以站立格斗为特点的格斗运动，如泰拳，和以地面格斗为特点的运动，如巴西柔术之间的运动员体能水平的差异程度。
方法：本研究对 30 名参与者进行了检查和比较，他们被分为两组，每组 15 人：泰拳运动员（年龄：24.24 ± 3.24 岁；身高：174.91 ± 5.19 厘米；体重：77.56 ± 7.3 公斤）和巴西柔术（BJJ）运动员（年龄：22.82 ± 1.81 岁；身高：175.72 ± 7.03 厘米；体重：77.11 ± 8.12 公斤）。测量了身体形态的基本特征。还使用 EUROFIT 测试组合、国际体力测试和协调技能的计算机测试中选择的测试，评估了运动技能的运动潜力的特定表现。计算了相对力量和最大无氧工作（MAW）指数。还评估了运动能力和训练经验的效果之间的关系强度。
结果：两组运动员（泰拳和 BJJ）的身体形态基本特征相似。在测试组中，运动能力在静态力量（= 0.010）、相对力量（= 0.006）、引体向上的手臂肌肉力量（= 0.035）和弯曲手臂悬挂的功能力量（= 0.023）方面存在显著差异。这些运动能力的组成部分在 BJJ 运动员中表现出更高的水平。在泰拳组中，在五项力量测试中发现训练经验与五个力量测试之间存在非常强的关联。此外，在两项测试中也发现了非常强的关联。在 BJJ 组中，在五个力量测试中的变量之间发现了具有非常高相关性的显著关系。
结论：巴西柔术运动员在力量测试（静态力量、相对力量、肩带力量、功能力量）中表现更好。在 BJJ 运动员的柔韧性和力量测试以及泰拳运动员的大多数力量测试中，都发现了训练负荷与身体素质水平之间的高度相关性。
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