Kitic Dusanka, Miladinovic Bojana, Randjelovic Milica, Szopa Agnieszka, Sharifi-Rad Javad, Calina Daniela, Seidel Veronique
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Ave. Zorana Djindjica 81, 18000 Nis, Serbia.
Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 20;11(14):1885. doi: 10.3390/plants11141885.
L. (Rosaceae)-syn. (L.) Dumort., (L.) Huth, Lam is commonly known as the apricot tree. The plant is thought to originate from the northern, north-western, and north-eastern provinces of China, although some data show that it may also come from Korea or Japan. The apricot fruit is used medicinally to treat a variety of ailments, including use as an antipyretic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, emetic, and ophthalmic remedy. The Chinese and Korean pharmacopeias describe the apricot seed as an herbal medicinal product. Various parts of the apricot plant are used worldwide for their anticancer properties, either as a primary remedy in traditional medicine or as a complementary or alternative medicine. The purpose of this review was to provide comprehensive and up-to-date information on ethnobotanical data, bioactive phytochemicals, anticancer potential, pharmacological applications, and toxicology of the genus , thus providing new perspectives on future research directions. Included data were obtained from online databases such as PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Science direct, and Wiley Online Library. Multiple anticancer mechanisms have been identified in in vitro and in vivo studies, the most important mechanisms being apoptosis, antiproliferation, and cytotoxicity. The anticancer properties are probably mediated by the contained bioactive compounds, which can activate various anticancer mechanisms and signaling pathways such as tumor suppressor proteins that reduce the proliferation of tumor cells. Other pharmacological properties resulting from the analysis of experimental studies include neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, immunostimulatory, antihyperlipidemic, antibacterial, and antifungal effects. In addition, data were provided on the toxicity of amygdalin, a compound found in apricot kernel seeds, which limits the long-term use of complementary/alternative products derived from . This updated review showed that bioactive compounds derived from are promising compounds for future research due to their important pharmacological properties, especially anticancer. A detailed analysis of the chemical structure of these compounds and their cytotoxicity should be carried out in future research. In addition, translational pharmacological studies are required for the correct determination of pharmacologically active doses in humans.
李属（蔷薇科）——同义词：（李属）杜莫尔属，（李属）胡特属，林奈属，通常被称为杏树。该植物被认为原产于中国的北方、西北和东北省份，不过一些数据表明它也可能来自韩国或日本。杏果在医学上用于治疗多种疾病，包括用作退烧药、防腐剂、消炎药、催吐剂和眼科药物。中国和韩国的药典将杏仁描述为一种草药产品。杏树植物的各个部分因其抗癌特性在全球范围内被使用，要么作为传统医学的主要药物，要么作为补充或替代药物。本综述的目的是提供关于李属植物的民族植物学数据、生物活性植物化学物质、抗癌潜力、药理学应用和毒理学的全面且最新的信息，从而为未来的研究方向提供新的视角。所纳入的数据来自在线数据库，如PubMed/Medline、谷歌学术、科学Direct和威利在线图书馆。在体外和体内研究中已经确定了多种抗癌机制，最重要的机制是细胞凋亡、抗增殖和细胞毒性。抗癌特性可能是由所含的生物活性化合物介导的，这些化合物可以激活各种抗癌机制和信号通路，如能减少肿瘤细胞增殖的肿瘤抑制蛋白。实验研究分析得出的其他药理学特性包括神经保护、心脏保护、抗氧化、免疫刺激、抗高血脂、抗菌和抗真菌作用。此外，还提供了关于苦杏仁苷毒性的数据，苦杏仁苷是杏仁核种子中发现的一种化合物，这限制了源自李属植物的补充/替代产品的长期使用。这篇更新后的综述表明，由于其重要的药理学特性，尤其是抗癌特性，源自李属植物的生物活性化合物是未来研究中很有前景的化合物。未来的研究应该对这些化合物的化学结构及其细胞毒性进行详细分析。此外，需要进行转化药理学研究以正确确定人体中的药理活性剂量。
