Kurdel Pavol, Češkovič Marek, Gecejová Natália, Labun Ján, Gamec Ján
Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Košice, Rampová 7, 041 21 Kosice, Slovakia.
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Jul 19;22(14):5394. doi: 10.3390/s22145394.
The presented article is focused on the evaluation of aviation radio altimeter () methodological error in order to increase air traffic safety. It briefly explains the background of methodological error at the theoretical level and offers practical conclusions to understand the issue. A radio altimeter provides information on an aircraft or helicopter's instantaneous (radar) altitude or UAV to the pilot and another assistance system, such as an autopilot or an anticollision system. The height measurement of the most common used is realized with an accuracy of from ±0.30 m to ±0.75 m. This error rate corresponds to and is caused by the radio altimeter's methodological error (Δ). The operating parameters are defined by carrier frequency, modulation frequency, and frequency lift. The methodological error of can be obtained in three ways-calculated on a theoretical level, simulated in a suitable simulation environment, or evaluated in laboratory conditions. The ambiguity of methodological error measurement causes bias in its presentation. This often leads to an incorrect determination of measurement inaccuracy (too optimistic statement of error value). The article's primary goal is to present a new method for determining the value of the methodological error and its effect on the resulting error of measurement of the radio altitude (radar altitude). It presents a new experimental laboratory method for measuring Δ and the resulting accuracy of height measurement with a radio altimeter. Thanks to this method, it can be verified that the information obtained by measuring the height above the ground corresponds to the standard specified by the manufacturer.
本文重点评估航空无线电高度表的方法误差，以提高空中交通安全。它在理论层面简要解释了方法误差的背景，并给出了理解该问题的实际结论。无线电高度表向飞行员和其他辅助系统（如自动驾驶仪或防撞系统）提供有关飞机、直升机或无人机瞬时（雷达）高度的信息。最常用的高度测量精度为±0.30米至±0.75米。该误差率对应于无线电高度表的方法误差（Δ）并由其引起。其工作参数由载波频率、调制频率和频率提升定义。无线电高度表的方法误差可以通过三种方式获得——在理论层面计算、在合适的模拟环境中模拟或在实验室条件下评估。无线电高度表方法误差测量的模糊性导致其呈现存在偏差。这常常导致对测量不准确性的错误判定（对误差值的陈述过于乐观）。本文的主要目标是提出一种确定方法误差值及其对无线电高度（雷达高度）测量结果误差影响的新方法。它提出了一种用于测量Δ以及无线电高度表高度测量最终精度的新实验实验室方法。借助该方法，可以验证通过测量地面以上高度获得的信息是否符合制造商规定的标准。
