Bassal Ravit, Shohat Tamy, Levin Tal, Pando Rakefet, Shinar Eilat, Amichay Doron, Barak Mira, Ben-Dor Anat, Bar-Haim Adina, Mendelson Ella, Cohen Dani, Keinan-Boker Lital, Indenbaum Victoria
Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Gertner Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel.
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jun 22;10(7):996. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10070996.
Mumps and rubella are vaccine-preventable viral diseases through the measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine, administered at 12 months and again at 6 years. We assessed the sero-prevalence of mumps and rubella, identified factors associated with sero-negativity, and evaluated concordance between mumps and rubella sero-positivity. A national cross-sectional sero-survey was conducted on samples collected in 2015 by the Israel National Sera Bank. Samples were tested for mumps and rubella IgG antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Of 3131 samples tested for mumps IgG, 84.8% (95%CI: 83.5-86.0%) were sero-positive. Sero-negativity for mumps was significantly associated with age (high odds ratios observed in infants younger than 4 years and 20-29 years old subjects). Of 3169 samples tested for rubella IgG antibodies, 95.2% (95%CI: 94.4-95.9%) were sero-positive. Rubella sero-negativity was significantly associated with age (high odds ratios observed in children younger than 4 years old and adults older than 30 years), males, Jews, and others. Concordant sero-positivity for both mumps and rubella viruses was observed in 83.9% of the tested samples. The Israeli population was sufficiently protected against rubella but not against mumps. Since both components are administered in the MMRV vaccine simultaneously, the mumps component has a lower uptake than rubella and quicker waning.
腮腺炎和风疹是可通过麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹-水痘（MMRV）疫苗预防的病毒性疾病，该疫苗在12个月大时接种一次，6岁时再次接种。我们评估了腮腺炎和风疹的血清流行率，确定了与血清阴性相关的因素，并评估了腮腺炎和风疹血清阳性之间的一致性。对以色列国家血清库2015年收集的样本进行了全国性横断面血清调查。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测样本中的腮腺炎和风疹IgG抗体。在3131份检测腮腺炎IgG的样本中，84.8%（95%CI：83.5-86.0%）为血清阳性。腮腺炎血清阴性与年龄显著相关（在4岁以下婴儿和20-29岁受试者中观察到高比值比）。在3169份检测风疹IgG抗体的样本中，95.2%（95%CI：94.4-95.9%）为血清阳性。风疹血清阴性与年龄（在4岁以下儿童和30岁以上成年人中观察到高比值比）、男性、犹太人及其他因素显著相关。在83.9%的检测样本中观察到腮腺炎和风疹病毒的血清阳性一致。以色列人群对风疹有足够的免疫力，但对腮腺炎则不然。由于MMRV疫苗中的两种成分同时接种，腮腺炎成分的接种率低于风疹，且抗体消退更快。
