Antimicrobial Resistance of and Isolated from Wild Birds in a Rehabilitation Center in Turkey.

Wildlife plays a critical role as a reservoir for zoonosis especially pathogenic enteric bacteria. In this study we evaluated the presence of and isolates from wild birds and determined their antimicrobial resistance. Intestine and fecal samples from 82 dead wild birds obtained from rehabilitation centre, were examined by microbiological analysis, antibiotic susceptibilities against of 18 antimicrobials and presence of tetracycline resistance genes by multiplex and singleplex PCR were investigated. A total of 51 were identified as well as Kentucky and Bisberg. A majority of the isolates were resistant to lincomysin (100%), penicilline (96.1%), kanamycin (80.4%), tetracycline (68.6%), and oxytetracycline (64.7%). All serotypes were resistant to lincomycin, nalidixic acid and penicilline.In addition, 58.82% of isolates had phenotypic resistance to at least three or more antimicrobials. Our results indicated that the high frequency of tetracycline resistance (68.62%) due to the (A), (B), and (D) genes. This is the first report isolating S. Bisberg and determining antibiotic susceptibility of E.coli and isolates from wild birds in Turkey. These results will help providing better understand of the dissemination of antibiotic resistancy in the environment, which can be used to potentially decrease spread through bird migration. Moreover, these results help assess the risk of spread of resistance from wild birds to humans.