Emergency Department, Primary Healthcare Centre Modriča, Svetosavska 15, 74480 Modriča, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Jul 22;58(8):980. doi: 10.3390/medicina58080980.
: Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are among the most prescribed psychotropic drugs and significant number of patients use these drugs for longer periods than recommended. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with prescribing of BZDs at the primary healthcare level. : A retrospective analysis of family physicians' prescriptions from the databases of family medicine teams of the Republic of Srpska was performed. The number of BZDs users, as well as the total number of prescriptions, were determined. Thereafter, it was determined which specific BZD had been prescribed, in which dose, for how long, as well as the specific social and demographic characteristics of patients to whom the drugs were prescribed. : The results showed that 38.47% of patients used the BZDs for a period longer than six months. The most frequent BZDs prescribed were the intermediate-acting BZDs, primarily bromazepam (58.69%). Two thirds of patients were women. The average age of the patients was 60, 60.46% of patients were single, and 69.68% lived in urban areas. The longer uses of BZDs were recorded in women, the elderly, single people and those who lived in urban areas, while higher doses of BZDs were prescribed to men, as well as younger and married people. The highest positive correlation was found between the dose and length of use of BZD. : A significant percentage of patients used BZDs for a time period longer than recommended. Caution is necessary when prescribing BZDs to women, the elderly, patients that live in urban areas and patients who are single. When prescribing BZDs, family physicians should be aware of their potential interactions and addictive potentials.
苯二氮䓬类药物（BZDs）是最常被开处的精神类药物之一，有相当数量的患者使用这些药物的时间超过了推荐时长。本研究的目的是确定初级保健水平开具 BZDs 处方的相关因素。
对斯普斯卡共和国家庭医学团队数据库中的家庭医生处方进行了回顾性分析。确定了 BZD 用户的数量以及总处方数量。之后，确定了开具了哪种特定的 BZD、剂量是多少、使用了多长时间，以及患者的特定社会人口特征。
结果显示，38.47%的患者使用 BZD 的时间超过了六个月。开处的最常见的 BZDs 是中效 BZDs，主要是溴马唑仑（58.69%）。三分之二的患者为女性。患者的平均年龄为 60 岁，60.46%的患者为单身，69.68%的患者居住在城市地区。女性、老年人、单身人士和居住在城市地区的人使用 BZD 的时间更长，而男性、年轻人和已婚人士开处的 BZD 剂量更高。BZD 的剂量和使用时间之间存在高度正相关。
相当比例的患者使用 BZD 的时间超过了推荐时长。在给女性、老年人、居住在城市地区的患者和单身患者开处 BZDs 时需谨慎。家庭医生在开处 BZDs 时应注意其潜在的相互作用和成瘾潜力。
