Perna Simone, Hammad Layla H, Mohamed Mohamed Wael, Alromaihi Dalal, Alhammadi Mariam, Al-Khater Noora, Alchuban Anas Rashed, Aledrisy Mawadh Ali, Ilyas Zahra, Alalwan Tariq A, Rondanelli Mariangela
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain.
Ministry of Health, Manama P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain.
Geriatrics (Basel). 2022 Jul 20;7(4):75. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics7040075.
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial condition characterized by a complex interrelation between genetic and environmental factors that heighten the risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. It is hypothesized that diet may play an important role in the regulation of metabolic syndrome factors and influence the process. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate the specific dietary patterns associated with metabolic syndrome markers and quantify the possible effects of dietary patterns among Bahrain older adults. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that included 151 Bahraini patients diagnosed with MetS, 89 (58.7%) were females and 62 (41.3%) males. Results: The prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver was 89%. Statistically significant correlations were found between dairy products with low fat and SBP (r = 0.182, p < 0.001) body mass index (BMI) (r = −0.195; p < −0.01). Higher chicken consumption was associated with reduction of BMI (r = −0.273; p < −0.01). A higher consumption of ricotta and cheddar cheese (high in fat) was associated with higher levels of triglycerides (p < 0.01). Higher frequent consumption of rice (basmati) was associated with lower glucose levels (r = −0.200; p < −0.01). Fatty liver has been associated with high consumption of cream cheese (p < 0.01). Conclusion: In older Bahraini adults with metabolic syndrome, higher frequency of food consumption of full-fat cheese was linked with a derangement of lipid profile and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver. Positive effects on BMI have been recorded with higher-frequency consumption of basmati rice and chicken.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一种多因素疾病，其特征是遗传和环境因素之间存在复杂的相互关系，会增加心血管疾病风险和全因死亡率。据推测，饮食可能在代谢综合征因素的调节中发挥重要作用并影响这一过程。因此，本研究的主要目的是调查与代谢综合征标志物相关的特定饮食模式，并量化巴林老年人中饮食模式的可能影响。方法：这是一项横断面研究，纳入了151名被诊断为代谢综合征的巴林患者，其中89名（58.7%）为女性，62名（41.3%）为男性。结果：非酒精性脂肪肝的患病率为89%。发现低脂乳制品与收缩压（r = 0.182，p < 0.001）、体重指数（BMI）（r = -0.195；p < -0.01）之间存在统计学显著相关性。鸡肉摄入量较高与BMI降低相关（r = -0.273；p < -0.01）。食用乳清干酪和切达干酪（高脂肪）较多与甘油三酯水平较高相关（p < 0.01）。频繁食用印度香米与较低的血糖水平相关（r = -0.200；p < -0.01）。脂肪肝与奶油芝士的高摄入量相关（p < 0.01）。结论：在患有代谢综合征的巴林老年人中，全脂奶酪的较高食用频率与脂质谱紊乱和非酒精性脂肪肝有关。食用印度香米和鸡肉的较高频率对BMI有积极影响。
