Schiffner Ulrich
Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Department for Periodontology, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jul 22;11(15):4251. doi: 10.3390/jcm11154251.
Over several decades, the dental caries burden in the deciduous dentition has decreased in Germany. However, a dependency of the caries burden on social parameters, such as socio-economic status (SES) or migration background, is generally described. Therefore, the aim of the evaluation was to analyse to what extent children with a low social class affiliation or a migration background have participated in the caries decline. For the city of Hamburg, Germany, data from a series of five caries epidemiological surveys in day-care centres are available since 1977. Using the same methodology, the dmft values were determined, according to WHO criteria, and in addition including initial caries (IC). For the present evaluation, the data and the changes of caries load (caries prevalence and caries experience; dmft) over time were compared with reference to SES and a migration background. A decrease in the caries prevalence from 58.4% to 22.7% and in the dmft value from 2.6 to 0.8 was determined from 1977 to 2016 (WHO criteria). Including IC, the caries prevalence has decreased from 91.0% to 44.4%, and the caries experience shows a decline from 6.4 to 1.8. The caries reduction can be observed in children of all social classes and regardless of a migration background, although significant differences in caries prevalence and caries experience remain recognisable for each survey through 2016. In conclusion, preschool children from families with low SES or with a migration background have not been left behind in the improvement of dental health, but have also benefited from caries prevention measures in roughly the same order of magnitude as other children.
几十年来，德国乳牙列的龋齿负担有所下降。然而，龋齿负担通常被描述为与社会参数相关，如社会经济地位（SES）或移民背景。因此，本评估的目的是分析社会阶层较低或有移民背景的儿童在龋齿下降过程中的参与程度。对于德国汉堡市，自1977年以来有一系列在日托中心进行的五次龋齿流行病学调查的数据。采用相同的方法，根据世界卫生组织标准确定dmft值，此外还包括初期龋齿（IC）。在本次评估中，参照SES和移民背景，比较了龋齿负荷（龋齿患病率和龋齿经历；dmft）随时间的变化数据。从1977年到2016年（世界卫生组织标准），确定龋齿患病率从58.4%降至22.7%，dmft值从2.6降至0.8。纳入IC后，龋齿患病率从91.0%降至44.4%，龋齿经历从6.4降至1.8。在所有社会阶层的儿童中都能观察到龋齿减少，且与移民背景无关，尽管到2016年的每次调查中，龋齿患病率和龋齿经历仍存在显著差异。总之，社会经济地位较低家庭或有移民背景的学龄前儿童在口腔健康改善方面并未落后，而且在大致相同程度上也受益于龋齿预防措施。
