Fu Yunhe, He Yuhong, Xiang Kaihe, Zhao Caijun, He Zhaoqi, Qiu Min, Hu Xiaoyu, Zhang Naisheng
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
Microorganisms. 2022 Jul 25;10(8):1495. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10081495.
Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common metabolic disease in ruminants. In the early stage of SARA, ruminants do not exhibit obvious clinical symptoms. However, SARA often leads to local inflammatory diseases such as laminitis, mastitis, endometritis and hepatitis. The mechanism by which SARA leads to inflammatory diseases is largely unknown. The gut microbiota is the totality of bacteria, viruses and fungi inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. Studies have found that the gut microbiota is not only crucial to gastrointestinal health but also involved in a variety of disease processes, including metabolic diseases, autoimmune diseases, tumors and inflammatory diseases. Studies have shown that intestinal bacteria and their metabolites can migrate to extraintestinal distal organs, such as the lung, liver and brain, through endogenous pathways, leading to related diseases. Combined with the literature, we believe that the dysbiosis of the rumen microbiota, the destruction of the rumen barrier and the dysbiosis of liver function in the pathogenesis of SARA lead to the entry of rumen bacteria and/or metabolites into the body through blood or lymphatic circulation and place the body in the "chronic low-grade" inflammatory state. Meanwhile, rumen bacteria and/or their metabolites can also migrate to the mammary gland, uterus and other organs, leading to the occurrence of related inflammatory diseases. The aim of this review is to describe the mechanism by which SARA causes inflammatory diseases to obtain a more comprehensive and profound understanding of SARA and its related inflammatory diseases. Meanwhile, it is also of great significance for the joint prevention and control of diseases.
亚急性瘤胃酸中毒（SARA）是反刍动物常见的代谢性疾病。在SARA早期，反刍动物不表现出明显的临床症状。然而，SARA常导致如蹄叶炎、乳腺炎、子宫内膜炎和肝炎等局部炎症性疾病。SARA导致炎症性疾病的机制在很大程度上尚不清楚。肠道微生物群是栖息在胃肠道中的细菌、病毒和真菌的总和。研究发现，肠道微生物群不仅对胃肠道健康至关重要，还参与多种疾病过程，包括代谢性疾病、自身免疫性疾病、肿瘤和炎症性疾病。研究表明，肠道细菌及其代谢产物可通过内源性途径迁移至肠外远端器官，如肺、肝和脑，从而导致相关疾病。结合文献，我们认为瘤胃微生物群失调、瘤胃屏障破坏以及肝功能失调在SARA发病机制中导致瘤胃细菌和/或代谢产物通过血液循环或淋巴循环进入体内，使机体处于“慢性低度”炎症状态。同时，瘤胃细菌和/或其代谢产物也可迁移至乳腺、子宫等器官，导致相关炎症性疾病的发生。本综述的目的是描述SARA导致炎症性疾病的机制，以便对SARA及其相关炎症性疾病有更全面、深入的了解。同时，这对于疾病的联合防控也具有重要意义。
