Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan.
Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
Nutrients. 2022 Jul 22;14(15):3019. doi: 10.3390/nu14153019.
The aim of the present study was to derive dietary patterns to explain variation in a set of nutrient intakes or in the measurements of waist circumference (WC) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) using reduced rank regression (RRR) and to prospectively investigate these patterns in relation to the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components during the follow-up. The study participants were comprised of 2944 government employees aged 30−59 years without MetS. RRR was applied with 38 food groups as predictors and with two sets of response variables. The first set included intake of putatively beneficial nutrients, and the first factor retained was named the Healthy Dietary Pattern (HDP). The second one included baseline WC and FBG, and the first factor was named the Unhealthy Dietary Pattern (UHDP). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals with adjustments for age, sex, total energy consumption and other potential confounders. During the 5-year median follow-up, we ascertained 374 cases of MetS. The HDP score was inversely associated with the incidence of MetS (p-trend = 0.009) and hypertension (p-trend = 0.002) and marginally significantly associated with elevated triglyceride and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p-trend = 0.08). The UHDP score was linearly positively associated with the incidence of MetS and all its components (all p-trend < 0.05). Both the HDP and UHDP predicted the development of MetS and its components.
本研究旨在使用降秩回归（RRR）从饮食模式中推导出一组营养素摄入量的变化或腰围（WC）和空腹血糖（FBG）的测量值，并前瞻性地研究这些模式与代谢综合征（MetS）及其组分的发展风险之间的关系在随访期间。研究参与者包括 2944 名年龄在 30-59 岁、没有代谢综合征的政府雇员。RRR 应用了 38 种食物组作为预测因子，并采用了两组响应变量。第一组包括有益营养素的摄入量，保留的第一个因子被命名为健康饮食模式（HDP）。第二组包括基线 WC 和 FBG，保留的第一个因子被命名为不健康饮食模式（UHDP）。多变量 Cox 比例风险模型用于估计风险比和 95%置信区间，并调整年龄、性别、总能量消耗和其他潜在混杂因素。在 5 年的中位随访期间，我们确定了 374 例代谢综合征病例。HDP 评分与代谢综合征（趋势 p = 0.009）和高血压（趋势 p = 0.002）的发病率呈负相关，与甘油三酯升高和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低呈边缘显著相关（趋势 p = 0.08）。UHDP 评分与代谢综合征及其所有成分的发病率呈线性正相关（均趋势 p < 0.05）。HDP 和 UHDP 均预测了代谢综合征及其组分的发展。
