Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
Life Materials Development Section, Human Life Technology Research Institute, Toyama Industrial Technology Research and Development Center, Toyama, Japan.
Biomater Sci. 2022 Sep 13;10(18):5208-5215. doi: 10.1039/d2bm00531j.
Vascular tissue engineering has shown promising results in "healthy" animal models. However, studies on the efficacy of artificial grafts under "pathological conditions" are limited. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to characterize the performance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-coated poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) grafts (PVA-PCL grafts) under diabetic conditions. To this end, PCL grafts were produced electrospinning and coated with the hydrophilic PVA polymer, while a diabetic rat model (DM) was established streptozotocin injection. Thereafter, the performance of the graft in the infrarenal abdominal aorta of the rats was evaluated . Thus, we observed that the healthy group showed CD31 positive/αSM positive cells in the graft lumen. Further, the patency rate of the PVA-PCL graft was 100% at 2 weeks ( = 7), while all the DM rats ( = 8) showed occluded grafts. However, the treatment of DM rats with neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin (tDM) significantly improved the patency rate (100%; = 5). Furthermore, the intimal coverage rate corresponding to the tDM group was comparable to that of the healthy group at 2 weeks (tDM healthy: 16.1% 14.7%, = 0.931). Therefore, the present study demonstrated that the performance of the PVA-PCL grafts was impaired in DM rats; however, insulin treatment reversed this impairment. These findings highlighted the importance of using a model that more closely resembles the cases that are encountered in clinical practice to achieve a clinically applicable vascular graft with a small diameter.
血管组织工程在“健康”动物模型中显示出有前景的结果。然而，在“病理条件”下人工移植物功效的研究有限。因此，在这项研究中，我们旨在研究聚已内酯（PCL）接枝聚（乙烯醇）（PVA）涂层（PVA-PCL 接枝）在糖尿病条件下的性能。为此，我们通过静电纺丝生产了 PCL 接枝，并将亲水性 PVA 聚合物进行涂层，同时建立了糖尿病大鼠模型（DM） 链脲佐菌素注射。此后，评估了接枝在大鼠肾下腹主动脉中的性能。因此，我们观察到健康组在移植物管腔中观察到 CD31 阳性/αSM 阳性细胞。此外，PVA-PCL 接枝在 2 周时的通畅率为 100%（=7），而所有 DM 大鼠（=8）均显示闭塞的移植物。然而，用中性鱼精蛋白 Hagedorn 胰岛素（tDM）治疗 DM 大鼠显著提高了通畅率（100%；=5）。此外，tDM 组的内膜覆盖率与 2 周时的健康组相当（tDM 健康：16.1% 14.7%，=0.931）。因此，本研究表明，PVA-PCL 接枝在 DM 大鼠中性能受损；然而，胰岛素治疗逆转了这种损伤。这些发现强调了使用更接近临床实践中遇到的病例的模型的重要性，以实现具有小直径的临床适用的血管移植物。
