Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent,Belgium.
Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels,Belgium.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2022 Jul 23;17(10):1489-1498. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0539. Print 2022 Oct 1.
To evaluate the predictive value of a (non-)sport-specific test battery on the future success of young cyclists, test scores were compared with competition performances 2-3 years later.
Three motor coordination, 5 physical performance, and 2 cycling-specific measurements were collected in 111 U15 (13.0-14.9 y) and 67 U17 (15.0-16.9 y) male road cyclists. In addition, maturity status, relative age, and competition history were assessed. National and provincial competition results 2-3 years later, in the U17year2 and U19year2 categories, were submitted to 2 separate 4-stage hierarchical regressions.
The results of the model of the U15 group revealed that maturity, relative age, competition history, motor coordination, physical performance, and cycling-specific performance accounted for 22.6% of the variance in competitive success. For the U15 category, only maturity and motor coordination were significant predictors of competitive success in the U17year2 category. Maturity and motor coordination each uniquely explained ±5% of the variance. However, for the U17 group-neither motor coordination, physical performance, nor cycling-specific performance could predict competitive success in the U19year2 category.
The current study underlines the importance of general motor coordination as a building block necessary for optimal development in youth cycling. However, considering the lack of predictive value from the U17 category onward, other features may determine further development of youth athletes. Nevertheless, it is questioned why athletes need to possess a minimum level of all physical, motor coordination, and cycling-specific characteristics to experience success and enjoyment in their sport.
评估非专项测试对年轻自行车运动员未来成功的预测价值，通过比较 2-3 年后的比赛成绩。
对 111 名 U15（13.0-14.9 岁）和 67 名 U17（15.0-16.9 岁）男性公路自行车运动员进行了 3 项运动协调能力、5 项体能和 2 项自行车专项测试。此外，还评估了成熟度、相对年龄和比赛经历。2-3 年后，在 U17year2 和 U19year2 组别中，提交了全国和省级比赛结果，这些结果被纳入了 2 个单独的 4 阶段分层回归中。
U15 组模型的结果表明，成熟度、相对年龄、比赛经历、运动协调能力、体能和自行车专项表现占比赛成功的 22.6%。对于 U15 组别，只有成熟度和运动协调能力是 U17year2 组比赛成功的显著预测因素。成熟度和运动协调能力分别单独解释了±5%的方差。然而，对于 U17 组，运动协调能力、体能和自行车专项表现都无法预测 U19year2 组的比赛成功。
本研究强调了一般运动协调能力作为青年自行车运动员最佳发展的必要基础的重要性。然而，考虑到从 U17 组别开始缺乏预测价值，其他特征可能决定青年运动员的进一步发展。尽管如此，人们质疑为什么运动员需要具备所有身体、运动协调和自行车专项特征的最低水平，才能在他们的运动中获得成功和享受乐趣。
