Khoo Hooi-Yuen, Lee Hai-Yen, Khor Chee-Sieng, Tan Kim-Kee, Bin Hassan Mohd Rohaizat, Wong Chin Mun, Agustar Hani Kartini, Samsusah Nadia Aqilla, Rahim Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul, Bin Jeffree Mohd Saffree, Yusof Nur Athirah, Haron Noor Ain, Binti Amin Zarina, Hod Rozita, AbuBakar Sazaly
Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2022 Jul 25;107(3):560-8. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0988.
Zika virus (ZIKV) has had a history in Malaysia since its first isolation in 1966. However, it is believed that the immunity status among forest fringe communities has been underreported. We conducted cross-sectional surveillance of forest fringe communities from 10 Orang Asli villages and their peripheral communities in Perak, Pahang, and Sabah in Malaysia. A total of 706 samples were collected from 2019 to 2020 and screened for ZIKV exposure using an anti-ZIKV IgG ELISA kit. A neutralization assay against ZIKV was used to confirm the reactive samples. The seroprevalence results reported from the study of this population in Malaysia were 21.0% (n = 148, 95% CI, 0.183-0.273) after confirmation with a foci reduction neutralization test. The presence of neutralizing antibodies provides evidence that the studied forest fringe communities in Malaysia have been exposed to ZIKV. Multivariate analysis showed that those older than 44 years and those with an education below the university level had been exposed significantly to ZIKV. In addition, higher seropositivity rates to ZIKV were also reported among secondary school students from Bentong (Pahang) and residents from Segaliud (Sabah). No associations were identified between Zika seropositivity and gender, household size, house radius to the jungle, and income level. The presence of neutralizing antibodies against ZIKV among the study population might indicate that the causative pathogen had already circulated widely in forest fringe regions. Intervention for vector control, protection from mosquito bites, and awareness improvement should be encouraged in this population.
自1966年首次分离出寨卡病毒（ZIKV）以来，马来西亚就有其存在的记录。然而，据信森林边缘社区的免疫状况报告不足。我们对马来西亚霹雳州、彭亨州和沙巴州10个原住民村庄及其周边社区的森林边缘社区进行了横断面监测。2019年至2020年共采集了706份样本，使用抗寨卡病毒IgG ELISA试剂盒筛查寨卡病毒暴露情况。采用针对寨卡病毒的中和试验来确认反应性样本。在通过蚀斑减少中和试验确认后，马来西亚该人群研究报告的血清阳性率为21.0%（n = 148，95%CI，0.183 - 0.273）。中和抗体的存在证明马来西亚研究的森林边缘社区已接触过寨卡病毒。多变量分析表明，44岁以上以及大学以下学历的人群显著接触过寨卡病毒。此外，来自文冬（彭亨州）的中学生和塞加利乌德（沙巴州）的居民中也报告了较高的寨卡病毒血清阳性率。未发现寨卡病毒血清阳性与性别、家庭规模、房屋到丛林的半径以及收入水平之间存在关联。研究人群中存在针对寨卡病毒的中和抗体可能表明致病病原体已在森林边缘地区广泛传播。应鼓励对该人群进行病媒控制干预、防蚊叮咬保护以及提高认识。
