Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2022 Jul 5;107(2):397-400. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0656. Print 2022 Aug 17.
In recent years, the number of leptospirosis cases, including the number of deaths, has exponentially increased in Malaysia. From June 2016 to February 2018, blood samples of 321 febrile patients with the presumptive diagnosis of dengue-like illness were examined for possible exposure to Leptospira. Two hundred fifty-five blood samples were tested as negative for dengue. Seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and IgM ELISA for leptospirosis were performed. From the samples, an overall prevalence for leptospirosis based on PCR of 4.7% (12/255) was obtained. Eighteen percent (46/255) were positive for anti-Leptospira IgM antibodies. The genome sequences of six of 12 Leptospira PCR-positive samples showed > 97.0% similarity to Leptospira interrogans. One patient's sample consisted of Leptospira and chikungunya virus, suggesting a coinfection. Findings from the study suggest that leptospirosis is prevalent among dengue-negative febrile patients in Malaysia.
近年来，马来西亚的钩端螺旋体病病例数（包括死亡人数）呈指数级增长。2016 年 6 月至 2018 年 2 月，对 321 名疑似登革热样疾病的发热患者的血液样本进行了检查，以确定是否可能接触过钩端螺旋体。255 份血液样本检测登革热结果为阴性。对钩端螺旋体病进行了二次巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）和 IgM ELISA 检测。根据 PCR 结果，总体钩端螺旋体病的患病率为 4.7%（12/255）。18%（46/255）的样本对抗钩端螺旋体 IgM 抗体呈阳性。12 份 PCR 阳性的钩端螺旋体样本中有 6 份的基因组序列与问号钩端螺旋体的相似度>97.0%。一名患者的样本中同时存在钩端螺旋体和基孔肯雅病毒，提示合并感染。研究结果表明，在马来西亚，登革热阴性发热患者中钩端螺旋体病较为普遍。
