[间接血凝试验检测洞庭湖地区船民和渔民感染的诊断效能]
[Diagnostic efficacy of indirect haemagglutination assay for detection of infections among boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region].
作者信息
Mei Z Q, Zeng T, Cai X T, Hu B J, Li S M, Zhou J, Jia T W
机构信息
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China.
Hunan Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, China.
出版信息
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2022 Jun 23;34(3):300-306. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022110.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA) for detection of infections among boatmen and fishermen in Dongting Lake region, so as to provide insights into improving the schistosomiasis surveillance program among boatmen and fishermen.
METHODS
The boatmen and fishermen were detected for infections using IHA and Kato-Katz technique or miracidium hatching test nylon gauze simultaneously at schistosomiasis testing sites in the anchor sites for boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region during the period from 2014 to 2016, and using IHA for serological screening followed by parasitological testing of seropositives during the period from 2017 to 2019. The sensitivity and specificity of IHA were evaluated for detection of infections among boatmen and fishermen, with the 2014-2016 parasitological testing results as a gold standard. In addition, the seroprevalence of infections was compared among boatmen and fishermen with different characteristics and among years.
RESULTS
A total of 306 schistosomiasis testing sites were assigned for boatmen and fishermen, and a total of 143 360 person-time boatmen and fishermen were tested for infections in the Dongting Lake region from 2014 to 2019. The sensitivity and specificity of IHA were 69.9%, 97.3% and 96.1% ( = 74.6, < 0.05), and 70.9%, 74.5% and 71.9% for detection of infections from 2014 to 2016 ( = 29.4, < 0.05), respectively. The seroprevalence of infections reduced from 30.3% in 2014 to 1.8% in 2019 among boatmen and fishermen, appearing an overall tendency towards a decline ( = 1 552.4, < 0.05). In addition, male, individuals at ages of 45 to 60 years, full-time boatmen and fishermen were more likely to be seropositive for infections (all values < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The seroprevalence of infections appeared a tendency towards a decline among boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region year by year from 2014 to 2019. IHA presented a high efficacy for screening of infections among boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region.
目的
评估间接血凝试验（IHA）在检测洞庭湖区船民和渔民感染情况中的诊断效能，为改进船民和渔民血吸虫病监测方案提供依据。
方法
2014年至2016年期间，在洞庭湖区船民和渔民停泊点的血吸虫病检测点，同时采用IHA和加藤-卡茨技术或毛蚴孵化试验尼龙绢筛法对船民和渔民进行感染检测；2017年至2019年期间，先采用IHA进行血清学筛查，然后对血清学阳性者进行寄生虫学检测。以2014 - 2016年寄生虫学检测结果为金标准，评估IHA检测船民和渔民感染情况的敏感性和特异性。此外，比较不同特征的船民和渔民以及不同年份的感染血清阳性率。
结果
共为船民和渔民设置了306个血吸虫病检测点，2014年至2019年洞庭湖区共有143360人次的船民和渔民接受了感染检测。IHA检测2014年至2016年感染情况的敏感性和特异性分别为69.9%、97.3%和96.1%（χ² = 74.6，P < 0.05），以及70.9%、74.5%和71.9%（χ² = 29.4，P < 0.05）。船民和渔民的感染血清阳性率从2014年的30.3%降至2019年的1.8%，呈总体下降趋势（χ² = 1552.4，P < 0.05）。此外，男性、45至60岁的个体、全职船民和渔民感染血清阳性的可能性更高（所有P值 < 0.05）。
结论
2014年至2019年，洞庭湖区船民和渔民的感染血清阳性率逐年呈下降趋势。IHA在洞庭湖区船民和渔民感染筛查中具有较高的效能。
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