Touré M K, Coulibaly M, Koné J, Diarra M S, Coulibaly B B, Beye S A, Diallo B, Dicko H, Nientao O, Doumbia D, Keita M, Diawara S, Samaké B M, Diango M D, Coulibaly Y
Département d'anesthésie réanimation et des urgences du CHU Mere enfant le « Luxembourg » de « Bamako.
Service d'anesthésie-réanimation du centre de référence commune V (Bamako).
Mali Med. 2019;34(1):48-52.
Envenomation by snakebite remains a public health problem in Africa. The purpose of our work was to study the acute complications of snakebite envenomation and the risk factors for its complications.
This was a retrospective and prospective study over a period of 07 years, which was performed in the department of anesthesia resuscitation and emergencies of CHU-Mother Child "Luxembourg" of Bamako.
During this period, 76 cases of Ophidian envenomation were recorded. The average age of the patients was 34 ± 12 years old. . The family of vipers (Echis and Bitis) was the most incriminated 84,61% of the cases. Hemorrhagic complications were observed in 78.94% of patients, other complications (cardiovascular, neurological, dermatological, ophthalmological ...) were observed in 21.05% of patients. The main risk factor for complication observed was the delay in management (> 6 hours delay) in 100% of patients. The absence of serotherapy and or the initial resort to traditional treatment have been complicating risk factors. Almost all victims of Elapidae bites, 89.9% (5/6 cases) died. Serotherapy was performed urgently in 97.4% of cases. The morbidity in our study was 10.52% with a 7.8% mortality.
in our context, the management of envenomations by snake bite remains dependent on a multitude of complications. The prognosis is conditioned by the early administration of symptomatic treatment and a specific antidote.
蛇咬伤中毒在非洲仍是一个公共卫生问题。我们研究的目的是探讨蛇咬伤中毒的急性并发症及其并发症的危险因素。
这是一项为期7年的回顾性和前瞻性研究，在巴马科“卢森堡”母婴大学医院麻醉复苏与急诊科进行。
在此期间，共记录了76例蛇咬伤中毒病例。患者的平均年龄为34±12岁。蝰蛇科（锯鳞蝰属和咝蝰属）是罪魁祸首，占病例的84.61%。78.94%的患者出现出血性并发症，21.05%的患者出现其他并发症（心血管、神经、皮肤、眼科等）。观察到的并发症的主要危险因素是治疗延迟（延迟>6小时），100%的患者存在该情况。未进行血清疗法和/或最初采用传统治疗是导致病情复杂化的危险因素。几乎所有眼镜蛇科咬伤的受害者，89.9%（5/6例）死亡。97.4%的病例紧急进行了血清疗法。我们研究中的发病率为10.52%，死亡率为7.8%。
在我们的研究背景下，蛇咬伤中毒的治疗仍依赖于多种并发症。预后取决于早期给予对症治疗和特效解毒剂。
