State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining, Beijing 102209, China.
National Institute of Low Carbon and Clean Energy, Beijing 102211, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 25;19(15):9066. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159066.
Overstocked dumping sites associated with open-pit coal mining occupy original vegetation areas and cause damage to the environment. The monitoring of vegetation disturbance and restoration at dumping sites is important for the accurate planning of ecological restoration in mining areas. This paper aimed to monitor and assess vegetation disturbance and restoration in the dumping sites of the Baorixile open-pit mine using the LandTrendr algorithm and remote sensing images. Firstly, based on the temporal datasets of Landsat from 1990 to 2021, the boundaries of the dumping sites in the Baorixile open-pit mine in Hulunbuir city were extracted. Secondly, the LandTrendr algorithm was used to identify the initial time and duration of vegetation disturbance and restoration, while the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used as the input parameter for the LandTrendr algorithm. Thirdly, the vegetation restoration effect at the dumping sites was monitored and analyzed from both temporal and spatial perspectives. The results showed that the dumping sites of the Baorixile open-pit mine were disturbed sharply by the mining activities. The North dumping site, the South dumping site, and the East dumping site (hereinafter referred to as the North site, the South site, and the East site) were established in 1999, 2006, and 2010, respectively. The restored areas were mainly concentrated in the South site, the East site, and the northwest of the North site. The average restoration intensity in the North site, South site, and East site was 0.515, 0.489, and 0.451, respectively, and the average disturbance intensity was 0.371, 0.398, and 0.320, respectively. The average restoration intensity in the three dumping sites was greater than the average disturbance intensity. This study demonstrates that the combination of temporal remote sensing images and the LandTrendr algorithm can follow the vegetation restoration process of an open-pit mine clearly and can be used to monitor the progress and quality of ecological restoration projects such as vegetation restoration in mining areas. It provides important data and support for accurate ecological restoration in mining areas.
露天矿排土场的过度堆积会侵占原始植被区，对环境造成破坏。监测排土场的植被干扰和恢复情况对于矿区生态恢复的精确规划非常重要。本文旨在利用 LandTrendr 算法和遥感影像，监测和评估内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市宝日希勒露天矿排土场的植被干扰和恢复情况。首先，基于 1990 年至 2021 年的 Landsat 时间序列数据集，提取了宝日希勒露天矿排土场的边界。其次，利用 LandTrendr 算法确定了植被干扰和恢复的初始时间和持续时间，将归一化植被指数（NDVI）作为 LandTrendr 算法的输入参数。再次，从时间和空间两个方面监测和分析排土场的植被恢复效果。结果表明，采矿活动对宝日希勒露天矿排土场造成了严重的干扰。北排土场、南排土场和东排土场（以下简称北场、南场和东场）分别于 1999 年、2006 年和 2010 年建立。恢复区主要集中在南场、东场和北场的西北部。北场、南场和东场的平均恢复强度分别为 0.515、0.489 和 0.451，平均干扰强度分别为 0.371、0.398 和 0.320。三个排土场的平均恢复强度均大于平均干扰强度。本研究表明，时间序列遥感影像与 LandTrendr 算法相结合，可以清晰地跟踪露天矿植被恢复过程，可用于监测矿区植被恢复等生态恢复项目的进展和质量。为矿区的精确生态恢复提供了重要的数据和支持。
