Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
Musculoskeletal Research Group, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jul 26;23(15):8258. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158258.
Complex Lymphatic Anomalies (CLA) are lymphatic malformations with idiopathic bone and soft tissue involvement. The extent of the abnormal lymphatic presentation and boney invasion varies between subtypes of CLA. The etiology of these diseases has proven to be extremely elusive due to their rarity and irregular progression. In this review, we compiled literature on each of the four primary CLA subtypes and discuss their clinical presentation, lymphatic invasion, osseous profile, and regulatory pathways associated with abnormal bone loss caused by the lymphatic invasion. We highlight key proliferation and differentiation pathways shared between lymphatics and bone and how these systems may interact with each other to stimulate lymphangiogenesis and cause bone loss.
复杂淋巴管畸形（CLA）是一种具有特发性骨和软组织受累的淋巴管畸形。异常淋巴管表现和骨质侵犯的程度在 CLA 的不同亚型之间有所不同。由于这些疾病的罕见性和不规则进展，其病因已被证明极其难以捉摸。在这篇综述中，我们汇集了关于四种主要 CLA 亚型的文献，并讨论了它们的临床表现、淋巴管侵犯、骨骼特征以及与淋巴管侵犯引起的骨丢失相关的调节途径。我们强调了淋巴管和骨骼之间共同的增殖和分化途径，以及这些系统如何相互作用以刺激淋巴管生成并导致骨丢失。
