School of Business and Economics, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
College of Confucian Business, Jining University, Qufu 273155, Shandong, China.
Comput Intell Neurosci. 2022 Jul 18;2022:2267237. doi: 10.1155/2022/2267237. eCollection 2022.
China has been the world's largest market for industrial robots since 2013. Industrial robots improve accuracy, safety, and efficiency in industrial production but have a substantial impact on the labor market. This investigation uses the task-based model to explore the relationship between industrial robots and employment across industries. This study uses industrial robot data from the International Federation of Robotics and employment data from the China Statistical Yearbook from 2010 to 2019 to examine robot applications' influencing mechanisms on labor demand in different industries in China. The results show a significant positive correlation between robots' exposure and labor demand for IT, health and social services, science research and technical services, and management of water conservancy and environmental industries. Based on the results, the use of robots promotes high-skilled talent employment and some third-sector employment, like education, food and beverages, utilities, household appliances, and transport. However, multiple regression analysis reveals that the use of robots has reduced employment in traditional industries such as agriculture and mining.
自 2013 年以来，中国一直是全球工业机器人的最大市场。工业机器人提高了工业生产的准确性、安全性和效率，但对劳动力市场产生了重大影响。本研究使用任务型模型来探索工业机器人和各行业就业之间的关系。本研究使用国际机器人联合会的工业机器人数据和中国统计年鉴 2010-2019 年的就业数据，检验机器人应用对中国不同行业劳动力需求的影响机制。结果表明，机器人的应用与 IT、卫生和社会服务、科学研究和技术服务以及水利环境行业的劳动力需求呈显著正相关。基于研究结果，机器人的使用促进了高技能人才就业和教育、食品和饮料、公用事业、家电和运输等第三产业的就业。然而，多元回归分析显示，机器人的使用减少了农业和采矿业等传统行业的就业。
