Afghanistan National Charity Organization for Special Diseases, Kabul, Afghanistan.
Clinical Informatics Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jul 11;10:933005. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.933005. eCollection 2022.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a high-burden respiratory infectious disease. There was a sharp decline in the number of confirmed TB cases during the pandemic; this is likely to be influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic response, with under-reporting due to resource diversion. There are typically 13,000 tuberculosis-associated deaths in Afghanistan annually, with significant problems posed by drug-resistant TB.
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Afghanistan on Kabul residents who visited the adult outpatient departments of public hospitals for any health-related reason from 1st January to 20th March 2022. The study scored their knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) toward tuberculosis. The sample size was calculated using Epi-Info, and the minimum sample size was 385. The sampling method is chosen the non-probability convenient sampling for data gathering. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 28, and we used the Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square or fisher extract test, spearman correlations, and binary logistic regression model.
Of 829 participants, 450 (54.3%) were males and 379 (45.7) females. The median age was 28 years, and 63.3% were married. Most participants were unemployed (75.5%), but 54% had a monthly income >3,000 Afghanis, indicating the reliance on family. By TB knowledge score, 727 (87.7%) participants had good knowledge, and 800 (96.5%) participants had a positive attitude toward treatment and control. Only 2 participants reported poor practices regarding prevention. Regarding the binary logistic regression, young age, being a male, belonging to the "1,000-3,000" Afghani monthly income category, and having a positive attitude were significant predictors of good TB knowledge (-value = 0.009, 0.000, 0.003, and 0.009), respectively. A positive attitude was expected to have good knowledge 6.035 times more than a negative attitude (95% CI: 1.572-23.167).
The study findings highlighted that outpatients in Kabul had good knowledge, attitude, and practice toward TB. More studies are needed to highlight KAP in different Afghan populations, including in other parts of the country.
结核病（TB）是一种高负担的呼吸道传染病。大流行期间确诊结核病病例数量急剧下降；这可能受到 COVID-19 大流行应对措施的影响，由于资源转移，报告不足。阿富汗每年有 13000 人死于结核病相关疾病，耐多药结核病问题严重。
2022 年 1 月 1 日至 3 月 20 日，在阿富汗喀布尔对因任何健康相关原因前往公立医院成人门诊就诊的居民进行了一项横断面描述性研究。该研究对他们的结核病知识、态度和行为（KAP）进行了评分。使用 Epi-Info 计算样本量，最小样本量为 385。采样方法选择非概率便利抽样进行数据收集。使用 SPSS 版本 28 分析数据，我们使用曼-惠特尼检验、卡方或费舍尔提取检验、斯皮尔曼相关和二元逻辑回归模型。
在 829 名参与者中，450 名（54.3%）为男性，379 名（45.7）为女性。中位数年龄为 28 岁，63.3%已婚。大多数参与者失业（75.5%），但 54%的人月收入>3000 阿富汗尼，表明依赖家庭。根据结核病知识评分，727 名（87.7%）参与者具有良好的知识，800 名（96.5%）参与者对治疗和控制持积极态度。只有 2 名参与者报告在预防方面做法不佳。关于二元逻辑回归，年轻、男性、属于“1000-3000”阿富汗尼月收入类别以及积极的态度是良好结核病知识的显著预测因素（-值分别为 0.009、0.000、0.003 和 0.009）。积极的态度比消极的态度更有可能具有良好的知识，概率为 6.035 倍（95%CI：1.572-23.167）。
研究结果表明，喀布尔的门诊患者对结核病具有良好的知识、态度和行为。需要进行更多研究以突出不同阿富汗人群中的 KAP，包括该国其他地区。
