Angelo Abiy Tadesse, Geltore Teketel Ermias, Asega Tagay
Department of Nursing, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia.
Department of Midwifery, Wachamo University, Durame, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2020 Dec 21;13:4559-4568. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S287288. eCollection 2020.
Tuberculosis, which is an infectious disease, is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Ethiopia is facing high tuberculosis burdens. Even if it is preventable and curable, individuals' KAP towards the disease is one of the bottlenecks in decreasing the disease burdens. TGH, located in the Sheka zone, is one of the remote areas and the KAP towards TB is unknown. Therefore, the current study was undertaken in TGH to assess the KAP towards TB.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 415 randomly selected participants. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data by a face-to-face interview from May 23 to June 23/2019. Data were entered into Epidata 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 for descriptive analysis.
A total of 345 (83%) respondents have heard about TB, while 76 (18%) respondents said persistence productive cough as symptoms of tuberculosis. Only 9.9% of participants mentioned bacteria as the cause of the diseases and 170 (41%) considered that the transmission is via air droplets. The majority (70%) of participants responded that its transmission is not preventable and overall 236 (56.9%) had high overall knowledge about TB. Thirty percent of the respondents considered that TB is serious to the area while 29% considered TB is not very serious for them. Fifty-three percent of the participants were having a favorable attitude towards tuberculosis. The majority (85%) did not cover their mouth while coughing, while 79.5% did not screen for tuberculosis and 82% of participants have not received any health education about TB. Overall, 44.6% practiced TB prevention.
The majority of the study participants had high overall knowledge and positive attitude towards tuberculosis prevention, which are not seen in the practice of tuberculosis. Effective educational programs should be implemented to overcome the problem.
结核病作为一种传染病，是发展中国家发病和死亡的主要原因之一。埃塞俄比亚面临着沉重的结核病负担。尽管结核病是可预防和可治愈的，但个人对该疾病的知识、态度和行为是减轻疾病负担的瓶颈之一。位于谢卡地区的特格哈是偏远地区之一，人们对结核病的知识、态度和行为尚不清楚。因此，在特格哈开展了本研究以评估人们对结核病的知识、态度和行为。
对415名随机选取的参与者进行了横断面研究。2019年5月23日至6月23日，通过面对面访谈使用结构化问卷收集数据。数据录入Epidata 3.1并导出至SPSS 21版进行描述性分析。
共有345名（83%）受访者听说过结核病，而76名（18%）受访者表示持续咳痰是结核病的症状。只有9.9%的参与者提到细菌是疾病的病因，170名（41%）认为传播途径是飞沫。大多数（70%）参与者回答其传播无法预防，总体上236名（56.9%）对结核病有较高的总体认识。30%的受访者认为结核病对该地区很严重，而29%认为结核病对他们来说不太严重。53%的参与者对结核病持积极态度。大多数（85%）人咳嗽时不捂嘴，79.5%的人未进行结核病筛查，82%的参与者未接受过任何关于结核病的健康教育。总体而言，44.6%的人采取了结核病预防措施。
大多数研究参与者对结核病预防有较高的总体认识和积极态度，但在结核病预防实践中却未体现出来。应实施有效的教育项目来克服这一问题。
