Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
Livestock Farming and Bioresource Technology, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Neurol. 2022 Nov;269(11):5798-5811. doi: 10.1007/s00415-022-11282-w. Epub 2022 Jul 28.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an ageing disorder with deterioration of dopamine neurons which leads to motor complications like tremor, stiffness, slow movement and postural disturbances. In PD, both genetics as well as environmental factors both play a major role in causing the pathogenesis. Though there are surfeit of risk factors involved in PD occurrence, till now there is lack of an exact causative agent as a risk for PD with confirmative findings. The role of heavy metals reported to be a significant factor in PD pathogenesis. Heavy metal functions in cell maintenance but growing pieces of evidences reported to cause dyshomeostasis with increased PD rate. Metals disturb the molecular processes and results in oxidative stress, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. The present review elucidates the role of cobalt, nickel, mercury, chromium, thallium metals in α-synuclein aggregation and its involvement in blood brain barrier flux. Also, the review explains the plausible role of aforementioned metals with a mechanistic approach and therapeutic recommendations in PD.
帕金森病（PD）是一种与多巴胺神经元退化有关的衰老性疾病，可导致震颤、僵硬、运动缓慢和姿势障碍等运动并发症。在 PD 中，遗传和环境因素都在发病机制中起主要作用。尽管 PD 的发生涉及大量的危险因素，但到目前为止，还没有一种确切的致病因素可以作为 PD 的风险因素，并得到证实。重金属的作用被报道为 PD 发病机制中的一个重要因素。重金属在细胞维持中起作用，但越来越多的证据表明，重金属会导致体内平衡失调，从而增加 PD 的发病率。金属会干扰分子过程，导致氧化应激、DNA 损伤、线粒体功能障碍和细胞凋亡。本综述阐述了钴、镍、汞、铬、铊等金属在α-突触核蛋白聚集中的作用及其在血脑屏障通透性中的作用。此外，该综述还从机制和治疗建议的角度解释了上述金属在 PD 中的可能作用。
