工作需求-控制与非裔美国人和非裔美国人的高血压。
Job Demand-Control and Hypertension in African Americans and Non-African Americans.
机构信息
From the College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida (Ms Raymond); Department of Family & Child Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida (Dr Grzywacz, Dr Robertson).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2022 Nov 1;64(11):920-926. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002642. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to determine if occupational stress is a social determinant of elevated hypertension among African Americans.
METHODS
Currently employed, full-time adults from the Midlife in the United States Refresher and Midlife in the United States Milwaukee Refresher studies reported data on demographics, job characteristics, and medical history.
RESULTS
African American workers reported less job control and greater physical job demands than non-African Americans. Both physical and psychological job demands were independently associated with greater odds of high blood pressure. Job strain was associated with high blood pressure and differed by race ( P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The elements of the job-demand control model differed by race and were most relevant for African Americans when exposed to high job demands and low job control. However, there was no evidence of differential vulnerability for either psychological demands, control, or physical demands for African Americans.
目的
本研究旨在确定职业压力是否是导致非裔美国人高血压患病率升高的社会决定因素。
方法
目前在美国从事全职工作的成年人参加了美国中年更新研究和美国密尔沃基中年更新研究，报告了人口统计学特征、工作特征和病史数据。
结果
与非裔美国人相比，非洲裔美国工人报告的工作控制更少，身体工作要求更高。身体和心理工作要求都与高血压的患病风险增加独立相关。工作压力与高血压相关，且因种族而异（P<0.05）。
结论
工作需求控制模型的要素因种族而异，当非裔美国人面临高工作要求和低工作控制时，这些要素与高血压最为相关。然而，对于非裔美国人来说，没有证据表明心理需求、控制或身体需求存在差异易感性。
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