College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin, China.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2022 Oct 30;36(20):e9363. doi: 10.1002/rcm.9363.
Many methods have been reported for the production of rare ginsenosides, including heat treatment, acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, and microbial transformation. However, the conversion of original ginsenosides to rare ginsenosides under the dual conditions of citric acid and high-pressure steam sterilization has rarely been reported.
In this study, a method involving ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was developed for analysis of chemical transformation of protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type ginsenosides Rg and Re, protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenoside Rb , and total ginsenosides in the dual conditions of citric acid and high-pressure steam sterilization. An internal ginsenoside database containing 126 known ginsenosides and 18 ginsenoside reference compounds was established to identify the transformation products and explore possible transformation pathways and mechanisms.
A total of 54 ginsenosides have been preliminarily identified in the transformation products of PPD-type ginsenosides Rg and Re, PPD-type ginsenoside Rb , and total ginsenosides, and the possible transformation pathways were as follows: Rg , Re → 20(S)-Rh , 20(R)-Rh ; Rg , Re → 20(S)-Rh , 20(R)-Rh → Rk , Rh , Rh ; Rb → gypenoside LXXV; Rb → 20(S)-Rg , 20(R)-Rg → Rk , Rg ; Re → 20(S)-Rg , 20(R)-Rg → 20(S)-Rf , 20(R)-Rf , Rg , F .
The results elucidated the possible transformation pathways and mechanisms of ginsenosides in the dual conditions of citric acid and high-pressure steam sterilization, which were helpful for revealing the mechanisms of ginsenosides and enhanced safety and quality control of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. Meanwhile, a simple, efficient, and practical method was developed for the production of rare ginsenosides, which has the potential to produce diverse rare ginsenosides on an industrial scale.
已有多种方法用于生产稀有人参皂苷，包括热处理、酸水解、碱水解、酶解和微生物转化。然而，在柠檬酸和高压蒸汽灭菌的双重条件下，将原始人参皂苷转化为稀有人参皂苷的方法很少有报道。
本研究建立了一种超高效液相色谱-离子淌度四级杆飞行时间质谱联用方法，用于分析原人参三醇（PPT）型人参皂苷 Rg 和 Re、原人参二醇（PPD）型人参皂苷 Rb 和总人参皂苷在柠檬酸和高压蒸汽灭菌的双重条件下的化学转化。建立了一个包含 126 种已知人参皂苷和 18 种人参皂苷对照品的内人参皂苷数据库，用于鉴定转化产物并探索可能的转化途径和机制。
在 PPD 型人参皂苷 Rg 和 Re、PPD 型人参皂苷 Rb 和总人参皂苷的转化产物中，共初步鉴定出 54 个人参皂苷，可能的转化途径如下：Rg、Re→20(S)-Rh、20(R)-Rh；Rg、Re→20(S)-Rh、20(R)-Rh→Rk、Rh、Rh；Rb→gypenoside LXXV；Rb→20(S)-Rg、20(R)-Rg→Rk、Rg；Re→20(S)-Rg、20(R)-Rg→20(S)-Rf、20(R)-Rf、Rg、F。
本研究阐明了柠檬酸和高压蒸汽灭菌双重条件下人参皂苷的可能转化途径和机制，有助于揭示人参皂苷的机制，增强药品和保健品的安全性和质量控制。同时，开发了一种简单、高效、实用的方法来生产稀有人参皂苷，有望在工业规模上生产多种稀有人参皂苷。
